{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T23:48:09Z","timestamp":1785887289796,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,29]],"date-time":"2011-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1301356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Citation information:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Guggenheim JA, Chen Y\u2010P, Yip E, Hayet H, Druel V, Wang L, Erichsen JT, Tumlinson AR, Povazay B, Drexler W &amp; Hocking PM. Pre\u2010treatment choroidal thickness is not predictive of susceptibility to form\u2010deprivation myopia in chickens.\n                      <jats:italic>Ophthalmic Physiol Opt<\/jats:italic>\n                      2011,\n                      <jats:bold>31<\/jats:bold>\n                      , 516\u2013528. doi: 10.1111\/j.1475\u20101313.2011.00827.x\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      Chicks developing experimentally\u2010induced myopia show profound thinning of the choroid. We observed a wide range of choroidal thicknesses in a sample of normal chicks prior to their use in a pedigree\u2010based study of form\u2010deprivation myopia. Hence, we tested whether pre\u2010treatment choroidal thickness predicted susceptibility to myopia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      Retinal, choroidal and scleral thickness were measured using A\u2010scan ultrasonography in normal White Leghorn chicks (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2003=\u2003891) aged 4\u2003days old, and again (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2003=\u2003498) after 4\u2003days of monocular form\u2010deprivation at age 8\u2003days of age. Refractive error was assessed by retinoscopy. Relationships between pre\u2010treatment choroidal thickness and other variables were investigated using general linear models and variance components analysis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      Untreated 4\u2003day\u2010old male chicks had choroids approximately 10% thinner than females (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\n                      <jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.001), but sex explained &lt;2% of the overall variability in choroidal thickness. Axial eye length in these untreated chicks was not significantly associated with choroidal thickness (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\n                      <jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.25). Moreover, pre\u2010treatment choroidal thickness was not predictive of susceptibility to form\u2010deprivation myopia (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\n                      <jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.89). Heritability analysis suggested that at least 50% of the variation in pre\u2010treatment choroidal thickness was determined by additive genetic effects (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\n                      <jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      Parental choroidal thickness is the major determinant of choroidal thickness in untreated 4\u2010day old chicks. Despite choroidal thickness potentially being indicative of ongoing emmetropisation to innate refractive errors, in this study it was not predictive of subsequent susceptibility to form\u2010deprivation myopia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00827.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,29]],"date-time":"2011-03-29T06:38:55Z","timestamp":1301380735000},"page":"516-528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Pre\u2010treatment choroidal thickness is not predictive of susceptibility to form\u2010deprivation myopia in chickens"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Jeremy A","family":"Guggenheim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen\u2010Po","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elaine","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9l\u00e8ne","family":"Hayet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vladimir","family":"Druel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan T","family":"Erichsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre R","family":"Tumlinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boris","family":"Povazay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Drexler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul M","family":"Hocking","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"777","article-title":"Scleral changes in pathological myopia","volume":"62","author":"Curtin BJ","year":"1958","journal-title":"Trans Am Acad Ophthalmol Otolaryngol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000027458"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.06-0426"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-3325"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-5196"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(02)00063-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2009.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"2028","article-title":"Induced myopia associated with increased scleral creep in chick and tree shrew eyes","volume":"41","author":"Phillips JR","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00150-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(93)90117-F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(94)E0049-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688209020025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0042-6989(94)00233-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"1259","article-title":"Vision\u2010dependent changes in the choroidal thickness of macaque monkeys","volume":"41","author":"Hung LF","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"1249","article-title":"Choroidal thickness changes during altered eye growth and refractive state in a primate","volume":"41","author":"Troilo D","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2007.01.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-4383"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689609008911"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-010-0562-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.2002.1142"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1997.0420"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.10-7044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2009.12.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2004.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-3826"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2009.02.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.08-2869"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_2","first-page":"E359","article-title":"Digital signal analysis of Laser Doppler Interferometry (LDI) waveform profiles: increasing reliability and information content","volume":"43","author":"Flitcroft DI","year":"2002","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/301844"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1098-2272(1997)14:6<953::AID-GEPI65>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_2","first-page":"557","article-title":"The eyes of young chickens grow toward emmetropia","volume":"20","author":"Wallman J","year":"1981","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OPX.0b013e3181f3eced"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2009.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-200101010-00013"}],"container-title":["Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1475-1313.2011.00827.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00827.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,7]],"date-time":"2026-01-07T11:26:19Z","timestamp":1767785179000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00827.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,29]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00827.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00827.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0275-5408","1475-1313"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0275-5408","type":"print"},{"value":"1475-1313","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,29]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2011-03-29","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}