{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:12:34Z","timestamp":1792059154333,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,10]],"date-time":"2011-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323475200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Citation information:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Rosenfield M, Hue JE, Huang RR &amp; Bababekova Y. The effects of induced oblique astigmatism on symptoms and reading performance while viewing a computer screen.\n                      <jats:italic>Ophthalmic Physiol Opt<\/jats:italic>\n                      2012,\n                      <jats:bold>32<\/jats:bold>\n                      , 142\u2013148. doi: 10.1111\/j.1475\u20101313.2011.00887.x\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Introduction:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      Computer vision syndrome (CVS) is a complex of eye and vision problems related to computer use which has been reported in up to 90% of computer users. Ocular symptoms may include asthenopia, accommodative and vergence difficulties and dry eye. Previous studies have reported that uncorrected astigmatism may have a significant impact on symptoms of CVS. However, its effect on task performance is unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      This study recorded symptoms after a 10\u2003min period of reading from a computer monitor either through the habitual distance refractive correction or with a supplementary \u22121.00 or \u22122.00D oblique cylinder added over these lenses in 12 young, visually\u2010normal subjects. Additionally, the distance correction condition was repeated to assess the repeatability of the symptom questionnaire. Subjects\u2019 reading speed and accuracy were monitored during the course of the 10\u2003min trial.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      There was no significant difference in reading rate or the number of errors between the three astigmatic conditions. However, a significant change in symptoms was reported with the median total symptom scores for the 0, 1 and 2D astigmatic conditions being 2.0, 6.5 and 40.0, respectively (\n                      <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20030.0001). Further, the repeatability coefficient of the total symptom score following the repeated zero astigmatism condition was\u2003\u00b1\u200313.46.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      The presence of induced astigmatism produced a significant increase in post\u2010task symptoms but did not affect reading rate or the number of reading errors. The correction of small astigmatic refractive errors may be important in optimizing patient comfort during computer operation.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2011.00887.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,10]],"date-time":"2011-12-10T02:17:09Z","timestamp":1323483429000},"page":"142-148","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["The effects of induced oblique astigmatism on symptoms and reading performance while viewing a computer screen"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Rosenfield","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer E","family":"Hue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rae 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