{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T01:27:04Z","timestamp":1779240424002,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]],"date-time":"2012-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Citation information:<\/jats:bold>\n                      Pointer JS. The interpupillary distance in adult Caucasian subjects, with reference to \u2018readymade\u2019 reading spectacle centration.\n                      <jats:italic>Ophthalmic Physiol Opt<\/jats:italic>\n                      2012,\n                      <jats:bold>32<\/jats:bold>\n                      , 324\u2013331. doi: 10.1111\/j.1475\u20101313.2012.00910.x\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      The magnitude of the far interpupillary distance (FIPD) has recognized significance within and beyond clinical optometry. Quantitative information regarding the lesser\u2010reported near parameter (NIPD) would similarly be of interest, and could be of relevance with regard to the visual comfort obtained with \u2018readymade\u2019 reading spectacles.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      Mensuration statistics relating to the FIPD and NIPD are presented, as collated from the spectacle dispensing records of\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2003=\u20031354 healthy Caucasian presbyopic subjects. The FIPD data were partitioned across 4 age bands (by decade, 41\u201380\u2003years of age): the NIPD data were distributed across seven nominal reading powers (in 0.50\u2003D steps, +1.00 to +4.00\u2003D). The results of these analyses are considered here, along with their potential application.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      Consistent gender (male\u2003&gt;\u2003female) and classification (far\u2003&gt;\u2003near) differences in IPD (both of approximately 3\u2003mm) were confirmed throughout these data. The magnitude of the adult FIPD is in accord with previously published results; this dimension is now supplemented by NIPD values, whose relationship with total near power is also described.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                      This new anthropometric survey indicates that inter\u2010 and intra\u2010gender interocular facial measurement stability is a characteristic of presbyopic subjects. It is suggested that across the anticipated range of age and total reading power requirement of Caucasian (White Northern European) wearers of \u2018readymade\u2019 reading spectacles, adoption of a standard optical centration distance of 61\u2003mm would be universally appropriate.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1475-1313.2012.00910.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]],"date-time":"2012-05-16T01:33:30Z","timestamp":1337132010000},"page":"324-331","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The interpupillary distance in adult Caucasian subjects, with reference to \u2018readymade\u2019 reading spectacle centration"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Jonathan S","family":"Pointer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","first-page":"265","article-title":"Differences between anatomical and physiological interpupillary distance","volume":"65","author":"Osuobeni EP","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","volume-title":"The Principles and Practice of Optical Dispensing and Fitting","author":"Sasieni LS","year":"1975"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","volume-title":"Visual Optics. 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