{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,19]],"date-time":"2026-05-19T07:18:36Z","timestamp":1779175116183,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]],"date-time":"2013-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Vet Emergen Crit Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the patient population, injuries, and treatment received on the battlefield, and ultimate outcome of<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>. military working dogs that incurred gunshot wound (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GSW<\/jats:styled-content>) injury in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>peration<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>nduring<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>reedom (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>fghanistan) or<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>peration<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>raqi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>reedom (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>raq).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective study between<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>anuary 2003 and<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>ecember 2009.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010nine military working dogs from the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">U<\/jats:styled-content>.<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>. military with confirmed GSW injuries incurred in combat in<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>peration<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>nduring<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>reedom or<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">O<\/jats:styled-content>peration<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>raqi<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>reedom.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Interventions<\/jats:title><jats:p>None.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Measurements and Main Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Clinical data from battlefield treatment, which includes care from the point of injury through arrival to, but not including, a designated veterinary treatment facility. Twenty\u2010nine dogs were injured between 2003 and 2009. All but one of the injuries were from high caliber, high velocity weapons. Of the 29 injured dogs, 11 survived the injuries and 18 died (38% survival rate). Of the dogs that died, all but 1 died from catastrophic nonsurvivable injuries before treatment or evacuation could be instituted. The thorax was the most common site of injury (50%) followed by extremity wounds (46%). The leading cause of death from GSWs was from thoracic wounds, followed by head wounds. Dogs with extremity wounds as their only injury were most likely to survive, and dogs with multiple injuries were least likely to survive. All surviving dogs received treatment at the point of injury by military medics and dog handlers consistent with<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>actical<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>ombat<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>asualty<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>are guidelines for combat injuries in human service members. Of the 11 that survived, all dogs returned to full duty with subsequent deployment to combat zones. 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