{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T12:19:27Z","timestamp":1785241167234,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,15]],"date-time":"2016-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1658,"URL":"http:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/open-access\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","hpbonline.org","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["HPB"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,30]],"date-time":"2012-03-30T03:46:51Z","timestamp":1333079211000},"page":"373-381","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps in a large Chinese population"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lian-yuan","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng-liang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao-dong","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2322","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.23307","article-title":"Serum lipid levels and the risk of biliary tract cancers and biliary stones: a population-based study in China","volume":"122","author":"Andreotti","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1737","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2006.04381.x","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of gallstone disease in an adult population of Taiwan: an epidemiological survey","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.22756","article-title":"Family history of gallstones and the risk of biliary tract cancer and gallstones: a population-based study in Shanghai, China","volume":"121","author":"Hsing","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2007.05071.x","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for gallbladder polyps detected by ultrasonography among healthy Chinese: analysis of 34669 cases","volume":"23","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0030","first-page":"2066","article-title":"Risk factors for gallbladder polyps in the Chinese population","volume":"92","author":"Chen","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9610(89)90245-6","article-title":"The spectrum of biliary stone disease","volume":"158","author":"Hermann","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2171","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i14.2171","article-title":"Outcome of gallbladder polypoidal lesions detected by transabdominal ultrasound scanning: a nine-year experience","volume":"11","author":"Chattopadhyay","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1424","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2011.363","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance in relation to biliary tract cancer and stone risks: a population-based study in Shanghai, China","volume":"105","author":"Shebl","year":"2011","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960271008","article-title":"A low-carbohydrate diet in overweight patients undergoing stable statin therapy raises high-density lipoprotein and lowers triglycerides substantially","volume":"27","author":"Gann","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cardiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"839","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01550973","article-title":"Gallstones, serum lipids, and glucose tolerance among male officials of Self-Defence Forces in Japan","volume":"33","author":"Kono","year":"1988","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/1047-2797(93)90084-H","article-title":"Serum lipids and gallstone disease. A study of self-defence officials in Japan","volume":"3","author":"Shinchi","year":"1993","journal-title":"Ann Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"495","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.05.1712","article-title":"Diffuse gallbladder wall thickening: differential diagnosis","volume":"188","author":"van Breda Vriesman","year":"2007","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2159","DOI":"10.1097\/00029330-200712020-00002","article-title":"Guideline on prevention and treatment of chronic hepatitis B in China (2005)","volume":"120","year":"2007","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0075","first-page":"344","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of gallbladder polyp in adults living in Daegu and Gyeongbuk provinces","volume":"48","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Korean J Gastroenterol"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0080","first-page":"68","article-title":"Gallbladder polyps: prevalence and risk factors","volume":"32","author":"Kratzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2010.00255.x","article-title":"Population-based study to estimate prevalence and determine risk factors of gallbladder diseases in the rural Gangetic basin of North India","volume":"13","author":"Unisa","year":"2011","journal-title":"HPB"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0090","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.6687","article-title":"Incidence of and potential risk factors for gallstone disease in a general population sample","volume":"96","author":"Halldestam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02212700","article-title":"Prevalence of previously undiagnosed gallstones in a population with multiple risk factors","volume":"40","author":"Attili","year":"1995","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0100","first-page":"21","article-title":"Prevalence of and risk factors for gallstones in female population of Novosibirsk","volume":"72","author":"Kurilovich","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ter Arkh"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-005-0051-8","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors for gallstone disease: has the paradigm changed in the 21st century?","volume":"7","author":"Shaffer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Gastroenterol Rep"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0110","first-page":"223","article-title":"Risk factors for gallstone disease in patients with gallstones having gallstone heredity. A case\u2013control study","volume":"46","author":"Tirziu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rom J Intern Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0115","first-page":"698","article-title":"Prevalence of gallstone disease and related risk factors in 889 diabetic subjects of southern Italy","volume":"36","author":"Torchio","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dig Liver Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0120","first-page":"928","article-title":"Epidemiology of gallstone in Nanjing City in China","volume":"25","author":"Xu","year":"2004","journal-title":"Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0125","first-page":"1661","article-title":"The effect of h(1) calponin expression on gallstone formation in pregnancy","volume":"27","author":"Youming","year":"2006","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1097\/00000658-199902000-00007","article-title":"Progesterone alters biliary flow dynamics","volume":"229","author":"Tierney","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.1990.12067104","article-title":"Polyps in the gallbladder. A prevalence study","volume":"25","author":"Jorgensen","year":"1990","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0140","first-page":"630","article-title":"Prevalence of gallbladder polyps among apparently healthy Japanese: ultrasonographic study","volume":"87","author":"Segawa","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529409090429","article-title":"Epidemiology of gallbladder polyps: an ultrasonographic study of male self-defence officials in Japan","volume":"29","author":"Shinchi","year":"1994","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl.2007.1.2.138","article-title":"Is metabolic syndrome one of the risk factors for gallbladder polyps found by ultrasonography during health screening?","volume":"1","author":"Lim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Gut Liver"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/0899-7071(95)00034-8","article-title":"Cholecystosonographic evaluation of the prevalence of gallbladder diseases. A university hospital experience","volume":"20","author":"Pandey","year":"1996","journal-title":"Clin Imaging"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1002\/jso.2930320105","article-title":"Polyps of the gallbladder","volume":"32","author":"Majeski","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Surg Oncol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1155\/1991\/59324","article-title":"Adenomatous polyps of the gallbladder adenomas of the gallbladder","volume":"3","author":"Farinon","year":"1991","journal-title":"HPB Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.41.4.577a","article-title":"Natural history of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder","volume":"41","author":"Kyriacou","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-198004000-00012","article-title":"Prevalence of clinical gallbladder disease in Mexican-American, Anglo, and black women","volume":"73","author":"Diehl","year":"1980","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2362.2000.00740.x","article-title":"Biliary lipid composition in patients with cholesterol and pigment gallstones and gallstone-free subjects: deoxycholic acid does not contribute to formation of cholesterol gallstones","volume":"30","author":"Gustafsson","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"824","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gassur.2004.06.014","article-title":"Non-obese diabetic mice have diminished gallbladder motility and shortened crystal observation time","volume":"8","author":"Graewin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Gastrointest Surg"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0190","first-page":"2391","article-title":"Gallbladder motility in diabetes mellitus using real-time ultrasonography","volume":"91","author":"Hahm","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0195","first-page":"73","article-title":"Real-time sonography for screening of gallbladder motility in diabetic patients: relation to autonomic and peripheral neuropathy","volume":"24","author":"Kayacetin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neuro Endocrinol Lett"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.4.528","article-title":"Gallstones in a Danish population. Relation to weight, physical activity, smoking, coffee consumption, and diabetes mellitus","volume":"30","author":"Jorgensen","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"784","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01296440","article-title":"Prospective study of clinical gallbladder disease and its association with obesity, physical activity, and other factors","volume":"37","author":"Kato","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.15.1886","article-title":"Gender and metabolic differences of gallstone diseases","volume":"15","author":"Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1653","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i11.1653","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for gallstone disease","volume":"11","author":"Mendez-Sanchez","year":"2005","journal-title":"World J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.19.4.521-525.1984","article-title":"Epidemiological analysis of the significance of low-positive test results for antibody to hepatitis B surface and core antigens","volume":"19","author":"Hadler","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/16.5.709","article-title":"Sex difference in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: studies of serum HBeAg and alanine aminotransferase levels in 10431 asymptomatic Chinese HBsAg carriers","volume":"16","author":"Chu","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890130410","article-title":"Age-specific prevalence and significance of hepatitis B e antigen and antibody in chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Taiwan: a comparison among asymptomatic carriers, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"13","author":"Liaw","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"303","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.1870210502","article-title":"Ultrasonographic changes of early liver cirrhosis in chronic hepatitis B: a longitudinal study","volume":"21","author":"Lin","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199112000-00018","article-title":"Gallbladder abnormalities in acute viral hepatitis: a prospective ultrasound evaluation","volume":"13","author":"Sharma","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Clin Gastroenterol"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0245","first-page":"307","article-title":"Presence of HBsAg in the bile of subjects with acute HBsAg viral hepatitis","volume":"43","author":"Piazza","year":"1975","journal-title":"Pathol Microbiol (Basel)"},{"key":"10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x_bb0250","first-page":"591","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder: report of 194 cases","volume":"3","author":"Sun","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int"}],"container-title":["HPB"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1365182X15305992?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1365182X15305992?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,23]],"date-time":"2025-10-23T23:55:22Z","timestamp":1761263722000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1365182X15305992"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]}},"alternative-id":["S1365182X15305992"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x","relation":{},"ISSN":["1365-182X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1365-182X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Prevalences of and risk factors for biliary stones and gallbladder polyps in a large Chinese population","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"HPB","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1477-2574.2012.00457.x","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2012 International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}