{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T21:12:21Z","timestamp":1778274741687,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,30]],"date-time":"2005-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1112140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract:<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background and Aims: <\/jats:bold> Conflicting results exist with regard to metabolic acid\u2013base status in liver cirrhosis, when the classic concept of acid\u2013base analysis is applied. The influence of the common disturbances of water, electrolytes and albumin on acid\u2013base status in cirrhosis has not been studied. The aim of this study was to clarify acid\u2013base status in cirrhotic patients by analyzing all parameters with possible impact on acid\u2013base equilibrium.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Patients and Methods: <\/jats:bold> Fifty stable cirrhotic patients admitted to a university hospital. Arterial acid\u2013base status was analyzed using the principles of physical chemistry and compared with 10 healthy controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: <\/jats:bold> Apart from mild hypoalbuminemic alkalosis, acid\u2013base state was normal in Child\u2013Pugh A cirrhosis. Respiratory alkalosis was the net acid\u2013base disorder in Child\u2013Pugh B and C cirrhosis with a normal overall metabolic acid\u2013base state (Base excess\u22121.0 (\u22123.6 to 1.6) vs 1.1 (\u22120.2 to 1.1) mmol\/l, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>=0.136, compared with healthy controls, median (interquartile range)). Absence of an apparent metabolic acid\u2013base disorder was based on an equilibrium of hypoalbuminemic alkalosis and of dilutional acidosis and hyperchloremic acidosis.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion: <\/jats:bold> A balance of offsetting acidifying and alkalinizing metabolic acid\u2013base disorders leaves the net metabolic acid\u2013base status unchanged in cirrhosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01013.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,26]],"date-time":"2005-05-26T12:49:29Z","timestamp":1117111769000},"page":"505-512","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Equilibrium of acidifying and alkalinizing metabolic acid\u2013base disorders in cirrhosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Georg\u2010Christian","family":"Funk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Doberer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"\u00d6sterreicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Peck\u2010Radosavljevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Monika","family":"Schmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Schneeweiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-196703000-00010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1080\/00365521.1976.12097103","article-title":"Acid\u2013base status in liver cirrhosis. Disturbances in stable, terminal and portal\u2010caval shunted patients","volume":"11","author":"Prytz H","year":"1976","journal-title":"Scand J Gastroenterol"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(86)80089-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0676.1993.tb00600.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","first-page":"1145","article-title":"Effect of liver disease and transplantation on urea synthesis in humans","volume":"276","author":"Shangraw R E","year":"1999","journal-title":"relationship to acid\u2013base status"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01649081"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199411000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","first-page":"851","article-title":"Hyponatremia in cirrhosis","volume":"28","author":"Gin\u00e9s P","year":"1998","journal-title":"from pathogenesis to treatment"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(00)00009-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1139\/y83-207"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.162.6.9904099"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","first-page":"713","article-title":"Serum proteins and acid\u2013base equilibria","volume":"120","author":"Figge J","year":"1992","journal-title":"a follow up"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.1800600817"},{"issue":"189","key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Measured and derived quantities with modern ph and blood gas equipment","volume":"48","author":"Siggaard\u2010Andersen O","year":"1988","journal-title":"calculation algorithms with 54 equations"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-6576.1995.tb04346.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0883-9441(93)90001-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","first-page":"30","volume-title":"Contemporary Issues in Nephrology","author":"Narins R G.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","first-page":"783","volume-title":"Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid\u2013Base Disorders","author":"Cohen R D.","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","first-page":"94","article-title":"Ureagenesis","volume":"286","author":"Hosch M","year":"2004","journal-title":"evidence for a lack of hepatic regulation of acid\u2013base equilibrium in humans"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90187-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.2001.01983.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","first-page":"337","article-title":"Dilutional acidosis","volume":"31","author":"Doberer D","year":"2003","journal-title":"an endless story of confusion"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","first-page":"61","article-title":"Cross\u2010talk between two organs","volume":"93","author":"Madias N E","year":"2003","journal-title":"how the kidney responds to disruption of acid\u2013base balance by the lung"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","first-page":"240","volume-title":"Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid\u2013Base Disorders","author":"Madias N E","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-92-2-227"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199910000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-199905000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","first-page":"453","article-title":"The role of serum proteins in acid\u2013base equilibria","volume":"117","author":"Figge J","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Lab Clin Med"}],"container-title":["Liver International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1478-3231.2005.01013.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01013.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,19]],"date-time":"2025-07-19T13:03:39Z","timestamp":1752930219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01013.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,20]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01013.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2005.01013.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1478-3223","1478-3231"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1478-3223","type":"print"},{"value":"1478-3231","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,20]]}}}