{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T17:34:32Z","timestamp":1780594472877,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,13]],"date-time":"2007-03-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1173744000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim: <\/jats:bold> The protective effects of <jats:italic>Ginkgo biloba<\/jats:italic> phytosomes (GBP) on carbon tetrachloride (CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)\u2010induced hepatotoxicity and the probable mechanism(s) involved in this protection were investigated in rats.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods: <\/jats:bold> Liver damage was induced in Wistar rats by administering a 1:1 (v\/v) mixture of CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and olive oil (1\u2003ml\/kg, i.p.) once daily for 7 days. GBP at 25\u2003mg\/kg and 50\u2003mg\/kg, i.p. and reference drug silymarin (200\u2003mg\/kg, p.o.) were administered for 10 days to CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010treated rats, this treatment beginning 3 days prior to the commencement of CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> administration. The degree of protection was evaluated by determining the marker enzymes (SGOT, SGPT and SALP), albumin (Alb) and total proteins (TP). Further, the effects of GBP on lipid peroxidation (LPO), glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and glutathione reductase (GR) were estimated in liver homogenates to evaluate antioxidant activity.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: <\/jats:bold> GBP (25 and 50\u2003mg\/kg) and silymarin elicited significant hepatoprotective activity by decreasing the activities of serum marker enzymes and lipid peroxidation and elevated the levels of GSH, SOD, CAT, GPX, GR, Alb and TP in a dose\u2010dependent manner.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion: <\/jats:bold> The present findings indicate that the hepatoprotective effects of GBP against CCl<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010induced oxidative damage may be due to its antioxidant and free radical\u2010scavenging 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