{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T02:02:10Z","timestamp":1780970530541,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Liver International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content>) has been linked to increased cardiovascular morbidity. However, genetic factors have an unclear role in this condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To analyse heritability of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> and its association with abnormal vascular parameters in a large twin cohort.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anthropometric and lipid metabolic parameters were obtained from 208 adult Hungarian twins (63 monozygotic and 41 dizygotic pairs; 58 men and 150 women; age 43.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.7\u00a0years). B\u2010mode ultrasonography was performed to detect steatosis and categorize severity. Brachial and aortic augmentation indices and aortic pulse wave velocity were assessed using oscillometry (TensioMed Arteriograph). Carotid intima media thickness (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMT<\/jats:styled-content>) was measured using ultrasonography on the proximal common, distal common and internal carotid arteries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> was identified in 47 subjects (22.6%), of which 44 (93.6%) had mild and 3 (6.4%) had moderate steatosis. These subjects were older (age: 50.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a014.3 vs. 41.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a016.7\u00a0years, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and had a higher body mass index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>; 30.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.2 vs. 24.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.1\u00a0km\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) than non\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> twins. Based on 91 same\u2010sex twin pairs, heritability analysis indicated no discernible role for genetic components in the presence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> (95% confidence interval, 0.0\u201336.0%), while shared and unshared environmental effects accounted for 74.2% and 25.8% of variations adjusted for age and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BMI<\/jats:styled-content>. Augmentation indices and carotid <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMT<\/jats:styled-content> in twins with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content> were increased at most examined locations (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05\u2013<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>These findings do not support heritability of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">NAFLD<\/jats:styled-content>, although it coexists with vascular parameters linked to increased cardiovascular risk, underscoring the importance and value of prevention in this very common disorder.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2012.02823.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,1]],"date-time":"2012-06-01T04:19:12Z","timestamp":1338524352000},"page":"1287-1293","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Heritability of non\u2010alcoholic fatty liver disease and association with abnormal vascular parameters: A twin study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Adam D.","family":"Tarnoki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L.","family":"Tarnoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pal","family":"Bata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Oncotherapy Semmelweis University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Levente","family":"Littvay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central European University Budapest Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janos","family":"Osztovits","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bajcsy Zsilinszky Hospital III. 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