{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T10:23:12Z","timestamp":1794565392613,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,22]],"date-time":"2011-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychogeriatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Little is known about the relationship between polypharmacy and Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that polypharmacy increases the risk of PD in older people in Taiwan.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> From a randomly sampled cohort of one million health insurance enrollees, we identified 2827 new cases of PD over the period 2000\u20132008 aged \u226565\u2003years and selected 11\u2003308 age\u2010matched controls without PD. Medication history and baseline comorbidities were compared between the two groups. We defined \u2018polypharmacy\u2019 as an average daily use of five or more prescribed drugs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Compared with patients using between none and one drug, the odds ratios (ORs) for PD increased to 1.53, 2.08, 2.64, and 2.95 for patients using two to four, five to seven, eight to nine, and \u226510 drugs, respectively. The other conditions associated with PD were dementia (OR 3.43), stroke (OR 2.30), depression (OR 2.15), and alcoholism (OR 2.11). Hyperlipidemia (OR 0.90) was inversely associated with PD.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Polypharmacy was shown to increase the risk of PD in older people in Taiwan, with risk increasing with the number of medications taken daily. Dementia, stroke, depression, and alcoholism were also associated with an increased risk of PD, whereas there was an inverse correlation between PD and hyperlipidemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8301.2011.00369.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,27]],"date-time":"2011-09-27T17:29:25Z","timestamp":1317144565000},"page":"150-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Polypharmacy increases the risk of Parkinson's disease in older people in Taiwan: A population\u2010based study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Shih\u2010Wei","family":"LAI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010Ting","family":"SU","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih\u2010Hsueh","family":"LIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chon\u2010Haw","family":"TSAI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fung\u2010Chang","family":"SUNG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dennis Paul Hsientang","family":"HSIEH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2007.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2008.162222"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2007.00991.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE20081034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000254572"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-8-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/enrs.2001.4264"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2003.09.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.2006.027003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5692\/clinicalneurol.49.885"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0303-8467(02)00027-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-107-2-169"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"369","article-title":"Drug\u2010induced movement disorders","volume":"6","author":"Gershanik OS","year":"1993","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4140\/TCP.n.2007.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","first-page":"153","article-title":"In human therapy, is the drug\u2013drug interaction or the adverse drug reaction the issue?","volume":"8","author":"du Souich P","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00002018-200831090-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0b013e3181f15efc"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/9789814261593_0007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","unstructured":"ICD\u20109\u2010CM Guidelines. 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