{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T03:48:03Z","timestamp":1790135283280,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,8]],"date-time":"2006-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1141776000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Helicobacter"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Gender differences have been shown regarding the changes in the inflammatory response, gastrin secretion, and gastric acidity during\n                    <jats:italic>Helicobacter\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    To investigate the role of estradiol and progesterone in the changes of the gastric mucosa induced by\n                    <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    during the early stage of infection in female gerbils.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:bold>\n                    Thirty\u2010three adult ovariectomized female gerbils were infected with\n                    <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    (SS1); 7 days after infection they were treated with low and high doses of estradiol (50 and 250\u00a0\u00b5g\/60\u00a0days pellet), progesterone (15 and 50\u00a0mg\/60\u00a0days pellet) and vehicle. Non\u2010ovariectomized infected gerbils were used as control. Gerbils were euthanized after 6\u00a0weeks of infection. Histologic evaluation, immunohistochemical detection of proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), gastrin, and apoptosis by terminal deoxynucleotide nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay were performed. Positive cells for PCNA, TUNEL, and gastrin were counted in 10 oriented glands per animal. Two\u2010sided\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a0.05 was considered significant.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Estradiol\u2010treated groups showed more intense and extended acute and follicular gastritis compared to the vehicle group, whereas progesterone\u2010treated groups presented less gastritis than the other groups. Proliferation and apoptosis indexes were significantly lower in the vehicle group when compared with those of the control; both indexes were increased in the high\u2010dose estradiol and progesterone groups as compared with those of the vehicle. Grade I nonmetaplastic atrophy was observed in the vehicle and progesterone groups. The high\u2010dose progesterone group showed a significant reduction in the number of gastrin cells.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Estradiol and progesterone participate in the gastric mucosal response to early\n                    <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection in gerbils.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2006.00386.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,8]],"date-time":"2006-03-08T09:32:27Z","timestamp":1141810347000},"page":"123-130","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Effects of Estradiol and Progesterone on Gastric Mucosal Response to Early\n                    <i>Helicobacter\u00a0pylori<\/i>\n                    Infection in Female Gerbils"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Milena","family":"Saqui\u2010Salces","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda L.","family":"Rocha\u2010Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge 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