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The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence of GCC and to evaluate differences of clinicopathologic characteristics between GCC and GNCC in South Korea.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> This study was single\u2010center case\u2013control study. A total of 829 patients with gastric cancer and 270 controls were enrolled between 2003 and 2011. Baseline characteristics, <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic>) infection status, and histologic characteristics were compared among three groups (GCC, GNCC, and control).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Sixty cases (7.2%) of gastric cancer were located in cardia. Multivariate analysis showed that male odds ratio (OR, 5.72; 95% CI, 1.72\u201319.07; <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u2003.005) and cigarette smoking (OR, 5.38; 95% CI, 1.39\u201320.90; <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u2003.015) were risk factors of GCC in comparison with control group, but <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection rate was not significant. In the case of GNCC, cigarette smoking (OR, 3.87; 95% CI, 1.81\u20138.29; <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2003.001), past alcohol intake (OR, 2.82; 95% CI, 1.28\u20136.20; <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u2003.010), intestinal metaplasia (OR, 3.22; 95% CI, 2.00\u20135.17; <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2003.001), and <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> infection (OR, 3.06; 95% CI, 1.90\u20134.93; <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2003.001) were risk factors of GNCC. Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms were higher in the GNCC (21.2%) than control group (13.5%) (<jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u2003.008). However, in the case of GCC, they were similar between the GCC (12.7%) and control group (<jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u2003.872). According to multivariate analysis, history of <jats:italic>H.\u00a0pylori<\/jats:italic> eradication (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.19\u20130.61; <jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>&lt;\u2003.001) was associated with a protective effect on GNCC. GCC showed higher depth of invasion (<jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u2003.038) and frequent distant metastasis (<jats:italic>p\u2003<\/jats:italic>=\u2003.012) than GNCC.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> In this referral center based study, the prevalence of GCC was 7.2% in South Korea. Risk factors and clinicopathologic characteristics for GCC and GNCC were different, supporting that the pathophysiology is different in the development of GCC and GNCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-5378.2012.00958.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,14]],"date-time":"2012-05-14T15:03:32Z","timestamp":1337007812000},"page":"358-368","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Prevalence and Clinicopathologic Characteristics of Gastric Cardia Cancer in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Ji Yeon","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hye Seung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayoung","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheol Min","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang Hyub","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young Soo","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Hyeok","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin\u2010Wook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sook\u2010Hyang","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Do Joong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung Ho","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun Chae","family":"Jung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","unstructured":"FerlayJ ShinH BrayF et\u00a0al.GLOBOCAN 2008 Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: IARC CancerBase No. 10 [Internet]. 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