{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T23:31:22Z","timestamp":1788305482903,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,12]],"date-time":"2004-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1079049600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background.\u2014Headache is a frequent occurrence among children and adolescents. Chronic headaches can be severe and disabling, and require prophylactic treatment; however, additional data on the use of prophylactic medications for migraine in children are needed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Objective.\u2014To review the efficacy and safety of levetiracetam (Keppra) in pediatric patients with a history of recurrent headache.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Design\/Methods.\u2014Data from 19 pediatric patients were retrospectively reviewed. The initial dose of levetiracetam was usually 125 or 250 mg twice daily, but varied depending upon clinical judgment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Results.\u2014Charts of 9 girls and 10 boys (mean age, 11.9 years) were reviewed. A variety of medications, including triptans, had been used before initiating treatment with levetiracetam. Mean headache frequency before treatment was 6.3 per month (standard deviation [SD], 3.8; confidence interval [CI], 4.4 to 8.1). Duration of headaches ranged from 0.25 to 8 years. Migraine (63.2%) and migraine with aura (15.8%) were the most common types of headache reported. Most patients (89.5%) had headaches that were severe. After treatment, the mean headache frequency decreased to 1.7 per month (SD, 2.7; CI, 0.4 to 3.0), representing a reduction compared with baseline\n                    <jats:styled-content>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .0001)\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Levetiracetam eliminated headaches in 10 patients (52.6%), and 7 patients (36.8%) had less severe and less frequent headaches. Levetiracetam did not have an effect on headaches in 2 patients (10.5%). Mean duration of treatment with levetiracetam was 4.1 months. Doses ranged from 125 to 750 mg twice daily. Sixteen patients (84.2%) reported no side effects on levetiracetam. One patient experienced asthenia\/somnolence and dizziness, and irritable, hyperactive, and hostile behavior led to discontinuation of levetiracetam in another patient. A third patient experienced irritability and moodiness that attenuated after 1 month of treatment and did not require discontinuation.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions.\u2014In this small retrospective review, levetiracetam was found to be generally well tolerated and appears to be a promising candidate for additional evaluation in well\u2010controlled clinical trials of pediatric patients with migraine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04053.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,12]],"date-time":"2004-03-12T11:29:57Z","timestamp":1079090997000},"page":"238-243","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":93,"title":["Efficacy and Safety of Levetiracetam in Pediatric Migraine"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"G. Steve","family":"Miller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.53.7.1468"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(05)70358-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14656566.3.10.1433"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-001-0007-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380101600201"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2002.02185.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380101601005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2002.02186.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","unstructured":"TroostBT WilesRM.Two\u2010phase open\u2010label study of levetiracetam in the management of intractable headache.Paper presented at: Diamond Headache Meeting; January 11\u201015 2003;Rancho Mirage Calif."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","first-page":"373","article-title":"Levetiracetam for preventive treatment of migraine [abstract]","volume":"21","author":"Drake ME","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","first-page":"373","article-title":"Levetiracetam as prophylaxis for resistant headaches [abstract]","volume":"21","author":"Kruscz JC","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","unstructured":"TurnerIM EntinEJ NewmanSM AgrilloT.Levetiracetam for migraine prophylaxis.Paper presented at: Diamond Headache Meeting; July 15\u201019 2003; Buena Vista Fla ."},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","first-page":"60","article-title":"Levetiracetam levels correlating with successful treatment of epilepsy, headaches, cognitive effects, and adverse reactions in pediatric age group [abstract]","volume":"43","author":"Lindholm D","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","unstructured":"Keppra[ package insert ]. Smyrna Ga : UCB Pharma Inc ;2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb04605.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(02)00247-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/seiz.2000.0380"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0920-1211(01)00323-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.2.236"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2001.00007.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1157.2000.tb00323.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-2999(03)01933-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/seiz.2000.0511"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0704766"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.24501.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2002.13101.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/088307380201700603"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1528-1157.2001.41300.x"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","first-page":"62","article-title":"Levetiracetam monotherapy in pediatric patients [abstract]","volume":"43","author":"Mintz M","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","first-page":"57","article-title":"Use of levetiracetam (lev) in children under two years of age [abstract]","volume":"43","author":"Frost MD","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.48.3.602"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200216090-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-7258(99)00052-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2001.00009.x"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_36_2","first-page":"206","article-title":"Safety profile of levetiracetam [abstract]","volume":"43","author":"Fix A","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_2","unstructured":"Depakote[ package insert ]. North Chicago Ill : Abbott Laboratories ;2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_2","unstructured":"Topamax[ package insert ]. Raritan NJ : Ortho\u2010McNeil Pharmaceutical Inc ;2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.52.2.321"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2002-33046"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_41_2","first-page":"187","article-title":"Behavioral side effects of levetiracetam [abstract]","volume":"43","author":"Gates JR","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_7_42_2","first-page":"62","article-title":"Pyridoxine ameliorates adverse behavioral effects of levetiracetam in children [abstract]","volume":"43","author":"Miller GS","year":"2002","journal-title":"Epilepsia"}],"container-title":["Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1526-4610.2004.04053.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04053.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T07:59:00Z","timestamp":1762070340000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04053.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04053.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04053.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8748","1526-4610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]}}}