{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T17:22:22Z","timestamp":1791912142457,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,13]],"date-time":"2004-04-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1081814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective.\u2014To investigate the efficacy of electroacupuncture, applied to distal acupoints only, for tension\u2010type headache.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Background.\u2014Electroacupuncture is commonly used for tension\u2010type headache, but when applied to distal acupoints only, evidence of its efficacy is lacking.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Design.\u2014A randomized, single\u2010blinded, sham\u2010controlled, crossover clinical trial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods.\u2014The trial had 5 stages: baseline (2 weeks), phases I and II (each 4 weeks), washout period (2 weeks), and follow\u2010up (3 months after phase II). Forty patients were randomly assigned to either group A or group B. Group A received real electroacupuncture during phase I, then sham electroacupuncture in phase II. Group B received the treatments in reverse order. Outcome measures were headache frequency and duration, pain intensity using a visual analog scale, mechanical pain threshold, headache disability, and sickness impact. Data were analyzed by univariate 2\u2010way analysis of variance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Results.\u2014Thirty\u2010seven patients completed the trial. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups at baseline. At the end of phase I, group A, but not group B, demonstrated significant improvement in mean (standard error of the mean [SEM]) headache frequency (3.0 per month [0.3] versus 12.0 per month [1.7]), duration (13.3 hours [3.5] versus 32.0 hours [6.2]), pain intensity (32.8 mm [4.1] versus 47.5 mm [2.7]), pain threshold (right side, 2.9 kg\/second [0.1] versus 0.9 kg\/second [0.1]; left side, 2.4 kg\/second [0.1] versus 1.1 kg\/second [0.1]), headache disability score (6.0 [1.0] versus 16.3 [1.6]), and sickness impact score (288.7 [48.0] versus 687.1 [77.2]). For each parameter, significant differences also were demonstrated for both groups between baseline and phase II, and baseline and follow\u2010up. There were no significant differences between the groups at the end of follow\u2010up (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt; .05).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion.\u2014Electroacupuncture to distal points alone is effective for short\u2010term symptomatic relief of tension\u2010type headache.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04077.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,13]],"date-time":"2004-04-13T11:55:14Z","timestamp":1081857314000},"page":"333-341","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Electroacupuncture for Tension\u2010type Headache on Distal Acupoints Only: A Randomized, Controlled, Crossover Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"C. C. L.","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L. Dong","family":"MApplSc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Polus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. A.","family":"English","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Z.","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. Da","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. G.","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. F.","family":"Story","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11916-001-0057-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","first-page":"35","volume-title":"The Headaches","author":"Rasumssen BK","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-1331.2002.00355.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2001.01189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","volume-title":"Clinical Approach and Management","author":"Manzoin NG","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","volume-title":"Mechanism and Management of Headache","author":"Lance J","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000288870"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","volume-title":"The Cochrane Library, Issue 1","author":"Karjalainen K","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1985.0503137.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","first-page":"272","article-title":"Acupuncture treatment of headache","volume":"14","author":"Chen Z","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","first-page":"7","article-title":"Treatment of frontal headache with acupuncture on zhongwan: a report of 110 cases","volume":"11","author":"Lin B","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2001.00198.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(86)90022-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(08)61105-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(92)90080-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","volume-title":"SATCM. Advanced Textbook on Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacology","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","first-page":"519","article-title":"Acupuncture\u2010like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation analgesia is influenced by spinal cord endorphins but not serotonin: an intrathecal pharmacological study","volume":"9","author":"Peets JM","year":"1985","journal-title":"Adv Pain Res Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","first-page":"29","volume-title":"Classification and Diagnostic Criteria for Headache Disorders, Cranial Neuralgia and Facial Pain","author":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","volume-title":"Chinese Acupuncture and Moxibustion","author":"Qiu ML","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","volume-title":"Fundamental and Clinical Practice of Electroacupuncture","author":"Zhang ZF","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(91)90218-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90131-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005650-198108000-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","first-page":"409","article-title":"The Neck Disability Index: a study of reliability and validity","volume":"14","author":"Vernon H","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00062-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2170\/jjphysiol.46.53"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(90)90030-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(86)90057-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.1997.3.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2000.00097.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1990.1003131.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","first-page":"357","article-title":"SW. Pain\u2010pressure threshold in the head and neck region of episodic tension\u2010type headache patients","volume":"9","author":"Kim HC","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Orofac Pain"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.150.3699.971"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1994.hed3408s17.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-200005010-00017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.212.1.r99jl04133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3940(01)02122-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91117-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X89000140"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203009277"}],"container-title":["Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1526-4610.2004.04077.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04077.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T08:20:41Z","timestamp":1762071641000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/headachejournal.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04077.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04077.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2004.04077.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-8748","1526-4610"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0017-8748","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4610","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]}}}