{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:56:24Z","timestamp":1782845784136,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,19]],"date-time":"2011-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1316390400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    To determine the 1\u2010year prevalence of headache and clinical characteristics of primary headaches among school children in South Korea.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    Many population\u2010based studies have estimated the 1\u2010year prevalence of headache, migraine, and tension\u2010type headache (TTH). The results of those studies vary in terms of race and region. There have been few epidemiological population\u2010based studies of headache in children and adolescents in Korea.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    We conducted a cross\u2010sectional school\u2010based study of a randomized and proportional sample of 5360 boys and girls. All 180 sampled schools participated in this study. The questionnaires collected demographic data in addition to specific questions about headache according to the International Classification of Headache Disorder criteria, 2nd Edition. Valid questionnaires were returned by 94.1% of the sample population. Modified criteria changed the \u201cduration\u201d of migraine (&gt;1 hour instead of 4 hours).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    The prevalence of headache among school children was 29.1% (1465\/5039) in South Korea. The prevalence of headache in girls (33.4%) was significantly higher than in boys (24.4%) (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u2003.001). The mean age of students with headaches (14.02\u2003\u00b1\u20033.03) was significantly higher than students without headaches (12.73\u2003\u00b1\u20033.36) (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u2003.001). The prevalence of headache according to region was 30.7% among students in urban, 31.2% in suburban, and 21.6% in rural areas. The prevalence of headache according to age was 20.8% among students \u223c6\u201012 years, 32.0% \u223c13\u201015 years, and 38.2% \u223c16\u201018 years. The prevalence according to headache types was 8.7% (boys 7.0%, girls 10.3%) in migraine, 13.7% (boys 10.7%, girls 16.3%) in TTH, and 6.7% in others. The mean frequency, severity of headache, and duration of symptoms were significantly higher in girls than in boys (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003&lt;\u2003.001).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    Recurrent primary headaches are quite prevalent among school\u2010aged children and adolescents in South Korea, and the prevalence rates are similar to those reported elsewhere. TTH was more common than migraine. The prevalence of migraine headache increased with age. The prevalence rate of headache in students in urban and suburban areas was significantly higher than the rate of students in rural areas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.02001.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,19]],"date-time":"2011-09-19T15:52:49Z","timestamp":1316447569000},"page":"592-599","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Primary Headaches Among School Children in South Korea: A Nationwide Survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Young\u2010Il","family":"Rho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hee\u2010Jung","family":"Chung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kon\u2010Hee","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baik\u2010Lin","family":"Eun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"So\u2010Hee","family":"Eun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sang\u2010Ook","family":"Nam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won\u2010Seop","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young\u2010Ok","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ho\u2010Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyeon\u2010Sook","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.72.1.86"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpd.2001.112159"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","first-page":"16","article-title":"Migraine in school children","volume":"51","author":"Billie B","year":"1962","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.1993.hed3307376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.1996.3607423.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1992.1204238.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.1996.1608545.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.309.6957.765"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.1996.3608466.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2004.00680.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2009.01339.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-200X.2007.02484.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073807306264"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01319.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01343.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2007.01289.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpn.2006.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","first-page":"5","article-title":"An epidemiologic study of headache among the middle and high school students in Ansan, Korea","volume":"2","author":"Choi BM","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Korean Child Neurol Soc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","first-page":"119","article-title":"Prevalence and epidemiologic characteristics of chronic recurrent headache in primary school children","volume":"44","author":"Rho YI","year":"2001","journal-title":"Korean J Pediatr"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","first-page":"24","article-title":"Committee of the International Headache Society. 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