{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T21:20:37Z","timestamp":1793049637147,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,23]],"date-time":"2012-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1327276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":22,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Headache"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    To assess the frequency of opioid use for acute migraine treatment and characterize use groups by sociodemographics, health\u2010care resource utilization (HRU), comorbidities and probable dependence within a large, US population\u2010based sample of persons with migraine.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Background.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    Opioids are used in the acute treatment of migraine. However, their use is controversial.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    Data from the 2009 American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention (AMPP) study were used to categorize persons with migraine into 4 groups based on reported opioid use: nonusers (between 2005 and 2009), previous users (history of use between 2005 and 2008 but no\u2010use in 2009), and current opioid users (those reporting use of opioids in the 3 months preceding the 2009 American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention survey). Current opioid users were divided into nondependent and probable dependence users according to criteria for dependence adapted for inclusion in the survey from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders\u20134th edition. All opioid\u2010use groups were contrasted by sociodemographics, headache characteristics, medical and psychiatric comorbidities (depression [measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire\u20109], anxiety [measured by the Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Health Disorders, PRIME\u2010MD], and cardiovascular events and risk factors), and headache\u2010related HRU.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    In a sample of 5796 migraineurs, 4076 (70.3%) were opioid nonusers, 798 (13.8%) were previous users, and 922 (15.9%) were current opioid users. Among current opioid users, 153 (16.6%) met criteria for probable dependence and 769 (83.4%) did not. Headache\u2010related disability (Migraine Disability Assessment sum scores) increased across groups as follows: nonusers: 7.8, previous users: 13.3, current nondependent users: 19.1, and current probable dependence users: 44.4, as did monthly headache frequency: nonusers: 3.2 days\/month, previous users: 4.3 days\/month, current nondependent users: 5.6 days\/month, and current probable dependence users: 8.6 days\/month. The prevalence of depression and anxiety was highest among current users with probable dependence. Rates of headache\u2010related HRU were higher for all opioid\u2010use groups for emergency department\/urgent care, primary care, and specialty care visits compared to nonusers.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions.\u2014<\/jats:bold>\n                    Opioid use for migraine is associated with more severe headache\u2010related disability, symptomology, comorbidities (depression, anxiety, and cardiovascular disease and events), and greater HRU for headache. Longitudinal studies are needed to further assess the directionality and causality between opioid use and the outcomes we examined.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2011.02050.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,23]],"date-time":"2012-01-23T08:31:34Z","timestamp":1327307494000},"page":"18-36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":110,"title":["Opioid Use and Dependence Among Persons With Migraine: Results of the AMPP Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Dawn C.","family":"Buse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Starr H.","family":"Pearlman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Reed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Serrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisy S.","family":"Ng\u2010Mak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard B.","family":"Lipton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1526-4610.2001.041007646.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70005-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11940-996-0011-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.nrl.0000219666.65101.a9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2009.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.55.6.754"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","first-page":"17","article-title":"Acute medication use patterns in episodic migraine: Results of the American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention Study (AMPP)","volume":"29","author":"Lipton RB","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-2982.2000.00149.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2004.03.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2010.01755.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2009.01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","first-page":"1015","article-title":"Opioid dependence","volume":"20","author":"Praveen KT","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Evid"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890423349"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-3924(01)00320-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1472-6963-5-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002508-199206000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.20784"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","first-page":"274","article-title":"A pilot survey of aberrant drug\u2010taking attitudes and behavior in samples of cancer and AIDS patients","volume":"19","author":"Passik SD","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1526-4610.2006.00631.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-2982.2006.01275.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","first-page":"9","article-title":"Subcommittee of the International Headache Society. 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