{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T04:26:16Z","timestamp":1770956776507,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,10]],"date-time":"2006-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136851200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Summary:\u2002<\/jats:bold><jats:italic>Purpose:<\/jats:italic>Genetically epileptic model rats, Ihara epileptic rat (IER\/F substrain), have neuropathologic abnormalities and develop generalized convulsive seizures when they reach the age of \u223c5 months. Because the neuromorphologic abnormalities are centered in the hippocampus, we expected to observe spatial cognitive deficits. The present study aimed to evaluate emotionality and learning ability of the F substrain of IER.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic>To determine whether deficits are caused by inborn neuropathologic abnormalities or by repeated generalized convulsions, we tested nine 6\u2010 to 12\u2010week\u2010old IER\/F rats that had not yet experienced seizures (experiment 1) and nine 7\u2010 to 9\u2010month\u2010old IER\/F rats that had repeatedly experienced seizures (experiment 2) with identical tasks: an open\u2010field test and the Morris water\u2010maze place and cue tasks.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic>Both groups of IER\/Fs showed behaviors that were different from those of control rats in the open\u2010field test, and extensive learning impairments were seen in both the place task, which requires spatial cognition, and the cue task, which does not require spatial cognition but requires simple association learning. Their impaired performance of the cue task indicates that their deficiency was not limited to spatial cognition.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic>Because young IER\/F rats without seizure experiences also showed severe learning impairments, genetically programmed microdysgenesis in the hippocampus was suspected as a cause of the severe learning deficits of IER\/Fs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2006.00370.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,10]],"date-time":"2006-01-10T15:01:52Z","timestamp":1136905312000},"page":"55-63","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Open\u2010field Behaviors and Water\u2010maze Learning in the F Substrain of Ihara Epileptic 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