{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T17:52:35Z","timestamp":1767117155965},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,16]],"date-time":"2011-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1321401600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Convenient and effective methods for administering potential antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) chronically should facilitate many experiments in animal models of chronic epilepsy with spontaneous recurrent seizures. This proof\u2010of\u2010principle study aimed to optimize a once\u2010per\u2010day, drug\u2010in\u2010food protocol by testing the effect of carbamazepine (CBZ) on the frequency of convulsive seizures in rats with kainate\u2010induced epilepsy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Adult male rats were given repeated low\u2010dose kainate injections until convulsive status epilepticus persisted for &gt;3\u2003h. After the rats developed spontaneous recurrent seizures, food pellets with CBZ (30, 100, or 300\u2003mg\/kg\/day) were provided once per day in three 2\u2010week trials (n\u2003=\u20037\u20139 rats) involving 5\u2003days of CBZ or control treatment, separated by two recovery days within a trial. The total amount of food provided and consumed per day corresponded to a normal caloric diet (60\u2003g\/kg\/day).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Key Findings:\u2002<\/jats:bold> When provided once per day, all animals ate the CBZ\u2010containing food irregularly but continuously throughout the 24\u2010h day. With this daily feeding protocol, CBZ significantly reduced the frequency of spontaneous convulsive seizures in a dose\u2010dependent manner. It is important to note that the effect of CBZ was consistent across the 5\u2003days and throughout each day of the trials. With food administered at 9:00\u2003a.m., and blood assayed at 5:00\u2003p.m., higher food levels of CBZ resulted in higher plasma concentrations of CBZ.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Significance:\u2002<\/jats:bold> This AED\u2010in\u2010food protocol is simple, efficient, inexpensive, reliable, and noninvasive; it allows easier long\u2010term drug administration and is less stressful and more humane than other methods of AED administration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03314.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,17]],"date-time":"2011-11-17T08:11:03Z","timestamp":1321517463000},"page":"199-206","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["A once\u2010per\u2010day, drug\u2010in\u2010food protocol for prolonged administration of antiepileptic drugs in animal models"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Atif","family":"Ali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yashomati","family":"Dua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan E.","family":"Constance","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F. 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