{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T05:27:47Z","timestamp":1794547667346,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1324512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Epilepsia"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Purpose:\u2002<\/jats:bold> In an analysis of four case\u2013control studies of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP), we found that yearly frequency of generalized tonic\u2013clonic seizures (GTCS) and antiepileptic drug (AED) polytherapy were associated with an increased risk for SUDEP. The prior analysis, however, did not evaluate AEDs and GTCS frequency concurrently.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> We combined data from the three case\u2013control studies with information on the frequency of GTCS and AED therapy, that is, carbamazepine, phenytoin, valproic acid, and other AED therapy. Number of AEDs was also considered. Lamotrigine and GTCS frequency were considered separately in two of the case\u2013control studies. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate GTCS frequency, each of the AEDs, and number of AEDs. Adjusted analysis of the different AEDs accounted for study, age at death, gender, and GTCS frequency.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Key Findings:\u2002<\/jats:bold> In crude analysis, GTCS frequency, AED polytherapy, and number of AEDs were associated with an increased risk for SUDEP. Analysis of individual AEDs and of number of AEDs, adjusting for GTCS frequency, revealed no increased risk associated with AEDs as monotherapy, polytherapy, or total number. GTCS frequency remained strongly associated with an increased risk for SUDEP.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Significance:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Our findings\u2014that none of the AEDs considered were associated with increased SUDEP risk as monotherapy or as polytherapy when GTCS frequency was taken into account\u2014provide a consistent message that number of GTCS increases SUDEP risk and not AEDs. These results suggest that prevention of SUDEP must involve increased efforts to decrease GTCS frequency in order to avert the occurrence of this devastating epilepsy outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03354.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]],"date-time":"2011-12-22T15:24:53Z","timestamp":1324567493000},"page":"249-252","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":208,"title":["Do antiepileptic drugs or generalized tonic\u2013clonic seizure frequency increase SUDEP risk? A combined analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Dale C.","family":"Hesdorffer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Torbjorn","family":"Tomson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Benn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josemir W.","family":"Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne","family":"Langan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thaddeus S.","family":"Walczak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ettore","family":"Beghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin J.","family":"Brodie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"W. Allen","family":"Hauser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the ILAE Commission on Epidemiology; Subcommission on Mortality","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.2006.00730.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2009.02513.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2010.02952.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000156352.61328.CB"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22101"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(98)05114-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","first-page":"223","article-title":"Increased risk of SUDEP among epileptic patients receiving placebo in randomised controlled trials","volume":"50","author":"Ryvlin P","year":"2009","journal-title":"Epilepsia"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2009.118"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(08)70202-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.56.4.519"}],"container-title":["Epilepsia"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1528-1167.2011.03354.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03354.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T07:10:47Z","timestamp":1698649847000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03354.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03354.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1528-1167.2011.03354.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0013-9580","1528-1167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0013-9580","type":"print"},{"value":"1528-1167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,22]]}}}