{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,16]],"date-time":"2025-06-16T15:28:24Z","timestamp":1750087704914},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,29]],"date-time":"2006-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1143590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives: <\/jats:bold> This pilot study has been designed to collect preliminary data on the use of a new antiepileptic drug in the management of alcoholic patients. Oxcarbazepine (OXC) blocks voltage\u2010sensitive sodium channels. Its metabolite reduces high\u2010voltage\u2013activated calcium currents in striatal and cortical neurons, thus reducing glutamatergic transmission at corticostriatal synapses. This reduction is of interest in the treatment of alcohol dependence, as acamprosate (ACP) modulates NMDA receptors, resulting in an inhibition of glutamatergic transmission. Furthermore, OXC has revealed a mood\u2010stabilizing effect in bipolar affective disorders. We have compared OXC with ACP in relapse prevention in recently withdrawn alcohol\u2010dependent patients.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods: <\/jats:bold> We investigated the efficacy and safety of OXC (vs ACP) by conducting a 24\u2010week randomized, parallel\u2010group, open\u2010label, clinical trial on 30 acutely detoxified alcoholic patients. Survival analyses (Kaplan\u2013Meier) were performed to look for evidence of a longer \u201csurvival\u201d of patients receiving OXC. We assessed time to first severe relapse and additional secondary endpoints.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results: <\/jats:bold> After withdrawal, time to severe relapse and time to first consumption of any ethanol by OXC patients were not longer than for ACP patients. Abstinent patients in both study groups showed a significantly lower obsessive compulsive drinking scale\u2014German version (OCDS\u2010G) than relapsed patients. No undesired effects occurred when OXC patients consumed alcohol.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion: <\/jats:bold> Our findings indicate that it could be worthwhile to test relapse prevention using OXC in an adequate sample. While the current sample size clearly limits further conclusions from this pilot study, it is noteworthy that OXC is well tolerated, even when alcohol is on board. Thus, in medication\u2010based relapse prevention, OXC could be a promising alternative for alcoholic patients unable to benefit from ACP or naltrexone or those who have affective liability. OXC certainly merits a larger placebo\u2010controlled trial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00082.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,29]],"date-time":"2006-03-29T15:40:26Z","timestamp":1143646826000},"page":"630-635","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["A Pilot Study of Oxcarbazepine Versus Acamprosate in Alcohol\u2010Dependent Patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Croissant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Diehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Zambrano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Helmut","family":"Nakovics","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Heinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karl","family":"Mann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"199","article-title":"German version of Skinner, HA, & Allen, BA 1982, Alcohol dependence syndrome","volume":"91","author":"Ackermann K","year":"1999","journal-title":"measurement and validation"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Naltrexone effects on alcohol consumption in a clinical laboratory paradigm","volume":"173","author":"Anton RF","year":"2004","journal-title":"temporal effects of drinking"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"92","article-title":"The obsessive compulsive drinking scale","volume":"19","author":"Anton RF","year":"1995","journal-title":"a self-rated instrument for the quantification of thoughts about alcohol and drinking behavior"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","volume-title":"Determination of Group Sizes for Biological Experiments and Controlled Clinical Trials [Bestimmung des Stichprobenumfangs f\u00fcr Biologische Experimente und Kontrollierte Klinische Studien]","author":"Bock J","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2005-873158"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-832691"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2001-18036"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4780010204"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"1318","article-title":"Pharmacological treatment of alcohol dependence","volume":"281","author":"Garbutt JC","year":"1999","journal-title":"a review of the evidence"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4088\/JCP.v64n0813"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1592\/phco.21.11.904.34513"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","first-page":"197","article-title":"Alcohol withdrawal kindling","volume":"25","author":"Gonzalez L","year":"2001","journal-title":"mechanisms and implications for treatment"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","volume-title":"Beck\u2010Depressions\u2010Inventar (BDI)","author":"Hautzinger M","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01879.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"Oxcarbazepine in outpatient benzodiazepine withdrawal in polytoxicomanic patients during an opiate maintenance therapy","volume":"12","author":"Hermann D","year":"2005","journal-title":"Psychopharmakotherapie"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","first-page":"1677","article-title":"Oral topiramate for treatment of alcohol dependence","volume":"361","author":"Johnson BA","year":"2003","journal-title":"a randomised controlled trial"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2002.tb02578.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"1335","article-title":"Efficacy of naltrexone and acamprosate for alcoholism treatment","volume":"25","author":"Kranzler HR","year":"2001","journal-title":"a meta-analysis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/109493101750527051"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4603(90)90046-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","volume-title":"The State\u2010Trait\u2010Anxiety Inventory (STAI)","author":"Laux L","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","first-page":"273","article-title":"Evaluation of lithium treatment in alcoholism","volume":"28","author":"Lejoyeux M","year":"1993","journal-title":"Alcohol Alcoholism"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","first-page":"1179","article-title":"Acamprosate in alcohol dependence","volume":"90","author":"Littleton JM","year":"1995","journal-title":"how does it work?"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/alcalc\/agh067"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","first-page":"485","article-title":"Pharmacotherapy of alcohol dependence","volume":"18","author":"Mann K","year":"2004","journal-title":"a review of the clinical data"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","first-page":"90","article-title":"The OCDS\u2010G","volume":"46","author":"Mann K","year":"2000","journal-title":"psychometric characteristics of the German version of the obsessive compulsive drinking scale"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","first-page":"51","article-title":"The efficacy of acamprosate in the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol\u2010dependent individuals","volume":"28","author":"Mann K","year":"2004","journal-title":"results of a meta-analysis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","volume-title":"StatXact3 for Windows","author":"Metha C","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1992.53.249"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.1997.tb03733.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.1996.01830080023006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00115-002-1401-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","first-page":"199","article-title":"Alcohol dependence syndrome","volume":"91","author":"Skinner HA","year":"1982","journal-title":"measurement and validation"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","volume-title":"Alcohol Timeline Follow Back User's Manual","author":"Sobell LC","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/b137043","volume-title":"Drugs for Relapse Prevention of Alcoholism","author":"Spanagel R","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","volume-title":"Manual for the Trait\u2010State Anxiety Inventory","author":"Spielberger CD","year":"1970"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199905133401907"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Oxcarbazepine","volume":"15","author":"Wellington K","year":"2001","journal-title":"an update of its efficacy in the management of epilepsy"}],"container-title":["Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1530-0277.2006.00082.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00082.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T02:49:45Z","timestamp":1697165385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00082.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,29]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00082.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2006.00082.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0145-6008","1530-0277"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0145-6008","type":"print"},{"value":"1530-0277","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,3,29]]}}}