{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T13:16:57Z","timestamp":1787318217485,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,28]],"date-time":"2012-03-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1332892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Both sensory and cognitive deficits have been associated with prenatal exposure to alcohol; however, very few studies have focused on sensory deficits in preschool\u2010aged children. As sensory skills develop early, characterization of sensory deficits using novel imaging methods may reveal important neural markers of prenatal alcohol exposure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Participants in this study were 10 children with a fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) and 15 healthy control (HC) children aged 3 to 6\u00a0years. All participants had normal hearing as determined by clinical screens. We measured their neurophysiological responses to auditory stimuli (1,000\u00a0Hz, 72\u00a0d\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      tone) using magnetoencephalography (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ). We used a multidipole spatio\u2010temporal modeling technique to identify the location and timecourse of cortical activity in response to the auditory tones. The timing and amplitude of the left and right superior temporal gyrus sources associated with activation of left and right primary\/secondary auditory cortices were compared across groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      There was a significant delay in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      100 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      200 latencies for the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      children relative to the HC children (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.01), when including age as a covariate. The within\u2010subjects effect of hemisphere was not significant. A comparable delay in\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      100 and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      200 latencies was observed in children across the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      subtypes.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Auditory delay revealed by\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MEG<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      in children with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      s may prove to be a useful neural marker of information processing difficulties in young children with prenatal alcohol exposure. The fact that delayed auditory responses were observed across the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FASD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      spectrum suggests that it may be a sensitive measure of alcohol\u2010induced brain damage. Therefore, this measure in conjunction with other clinical tools may prove useful for early identification of alcohol affected children, particularly those without dysmorphia.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01769.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,30]],"date-time":"2012-03-30T23:46:10Z","timestamp":1333151170000},"page":"1720-1727","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":63,"title":["Delays in Auditory Processing Identified in Preschool Children with\n                    <scp>FASD<\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Julia M.","family":"Stephen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mind Research Network  Albuquerque New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Piyadasa W.","family":"Kodituwakku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics  University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center Albuquerque 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