{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,6]],"date-time":"2026-02-06T04:13:08Z","timestamp":1770351188159,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp;amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>A considerable amount of experimental evidence has demonstrated ethanol (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>) induced amnestic effects following <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content> administration during pretraining in a variety of tasks both in humans and in laboratory animals. Although the phenomenon of state\u2010dependency is known to play a critical role in memory deficits induced by both pharmacological and nonpharmacological pretraining perturbations, the involvement of this phenomenon in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced anterograde amnesia has been overlooked. This study aimed to investigate the role of state\u2010dependency in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced amnestic effects and its interactions with the well\u2010known anxiolysis and locomotor alterations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mice were treated with 1.2 or 2.4\u00a0g\/kg <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content> before training and\/or before testing in the plus\u2010maze discriminative avoidance task, an animal model that concomitantly evaluates learning, memory, anxiety\u2010like behavior, and general activity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Whereas both doses of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content> induced anxiolysis, the 1.2\u00a0g\/kg dose enhanced locomotion while the 2.4\u00a0g\/kg dose decreased it. In addition, the administration of 1.2\u00a0g\/kg of this drug during pretraining caused memory impairment, which was counteracted by the pretest administration of the same dose, revealing the participation of the state\u2010dependency. Conversely, the administration of 2.4\u00a0g\/kg <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content> led to amnestic effects irrespective of the time of the administration (pretraining and\/or pretest), eliminating the influence of state\u2010dependency.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our data demonstrate that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced memory deficits are critically related to state\u2010dependency, which can also be affected by the dose range. These results indicate the possible participation of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>t<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OH<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010induced modifications in anxiety and motor activity levels in relation to state\u2010dependent memory deficits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01905.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,24]],"date-time":"2012-07-24T15:35:39Z","timestamp":1343144139000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Ethanol\u2010Induced Memory Impairment in a Discriminative Avoidance Task is State\u2010Dependent"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Leandro","family":"Sanday","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Farmacologia Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brasil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camilla 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