{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:54:33Z","timestamp":1793321673288,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]],"date-time":"2012-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Alcoholism Clin &amp; Exp Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"Background<\/jats:title>Brief measures of unhealthy alcohol use have not been well validated among people with HIV<\/jats:styled-content>. We compared the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content>) to reference standards for unhealthy alcohol use based on 30\u2010day Timeline Follow Back (TLFB<\/jats:styled-content>) and Composite International Diagnostic Interview\u2014Substance Abuse Module (CIDI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SAM<\/jats:styled-content>), among 837 male HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected and \u2010uninfected patients in the Veterans Aging Cohort Study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Three reference standards were (i) Risky drinking\u2014<\/jats:italic>based on TLFB<\/jats:styled-content> >14 drinks over 7 consecutive days or >4 drinks on 1\u00a0day; (ii) Alcohol dependence\u2014<\/jats:italic>based on a CIDI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SAM<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis; and (iii) Unhealthy alcohol use\u2014<\/jats:italic>risky drinking or a CIDI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010SAM<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosis of abuse or dependence. Various cutoffs for the AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content>, AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C<\/jats:styled-content>, and heavy episodic drinking were compared with the reference standards.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Mean age of patients was 52\u00a0years, 53% (444) were HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected, and 53% (444) were A<\/jats:styled-content>frican A<\/jats:styled-content>merican. Among HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected and \u2010uninfected patients, the prevalence of risky drinking (14 vs. 12%, respectively), alcohol dependence (8 vs. 7%), and unhealthy alcohol use (22 vs. 20%) was similar. For risky drinking and alcohol dependence, multiple cutoffs of AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content>, AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C, and heavy episodic drinking provided good sensitivity (\u226580%) and specificity (\u226590%). For unhealthy alcohol use, few cutoffs provided sensitivity \u226580%; however, many cutoffs provided good specificity. For all 3 alcohol screening measures, sensitivity improved when heavy episodic drinking was included with the cutoff. Sensitivity of measures for risky drinking and unhealthy alcohol use was lower in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected than in uninfected patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>For identifying risky drinking, alcohol dependence, and unhealthy alcohol use, AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010C<\/jats:styled-content> performs as well as AUDIT<\/jats:styled-content> and similarly in HIV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010infected and \u2010uninfected patients. Cutoffs should be based on the importance of specific operating characteristics for the intended research or clinical use. Incorporating heavy episodic drinking increased sensitivity for detecting alcohol dependence and unhealthy alcohol use.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1530-0277.2012.01937.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,11]],"date-time":"2012-10-11T11:02:33Z","timestamp":1349953353000},"page":"435-442","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Comparing Alcohol Screening Measures Among HIV<\/scp>\u2010Infected and \u2010Uninfected Men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Kathleen A.","family":"McGinnis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Equity Research and Promotion VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System Pittsburgh Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy C.","family":"Justice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of General Internal Medicine Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut"},{"name":"Veterans Aging Cohort Study Coordinating 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