{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T02:08:52Z","timestamp":1790734132911,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]],"date-time":"2008-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4502,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Two calves and two foals presented with episodic clinical signs of diffuse central nervous system disease. Portosystemic anomalies were tentatively diagnosed based on the history, clinical signs, and increased serum concentrations of blood ammonia and total serum bile acids with normal concentrations of liver derived enzymes. One calf died before intraoperative contrast portography, whereas the other calf and both foals had marked clinical improvement after intensive medical therapy. Surgical correction was attempted in these three animals and was successful in one foal. A right paracostal celiotomy was superior to a ventral median approach for exposure to the portal vascular system and shunt access.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950x.1996.tb01391.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,29]],"date-time":"2008-02-29T09:28:58Z","timestamp":1204277338000},"page":"154-160","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["The Diagnosis and Surgical Correction of Congenital Portosystemic Vascular Anomalies in Two Calves and Two Foals"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"LISA A.","family":"FORTIER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SUSAN L.","family":"FUBINI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JAMES A.","family":"FLANDERS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"THOMAS J.","family":"DIVERS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"83","article-title":"Historical, physical examination, and clinicopathologic features of portosystemic vascular anomalies in the dog and cat","volume":"5","author":"Center SA","year":"1990","journal-title":"Semin Vet Med Surg (Sm Anim)"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"1393","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy associated with patent ductus venosus in a calf","volume":"182","author":"Keane D.","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"387","article-title":"Clinical and diagnostic features of a portosystemic shunt in a foal","volume":"192","author":"Buonanno AM","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"798","article-title":"Hepatic encephalopathy caused by a portacaval shunt in a foal","volume":"83","author":"Lindsay WA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"1539","article-title":"Diagnosis and surgical correction of patent ductus venosus in a calf","volume":"193","author":"Reimer JM","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.10.1784","article-title":"Serum bile acids concentrations in clinically normal cattle: Comparison by type, age, and stage of lactation","volume":"53","author":"Craig AM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","first-page":"1478","article-title":"Congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs: 46 cases (1979\u20131986)","volume":"191","author":"Johnson CA","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","first-page":"1156","volume-title":"Textbook of Small Animal Surgery","author":"Breznock EM","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"1090","article-title":"Evaluation of serum bile acid concentrations for the diagnosis of portosystemic venous anomalies in the dog and cat","volume":"186","author":"Center SA","year":"1985","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"168","article-title":"Liver function tests in dogs with portosystemic shunts: Measurement of serum bile acid concentrations","volume":"188","author":"Meyer DJ","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.10.1780","article-title":"Variability of serum bile acid concentrations over time in dairy cattle, and effect of feed deprivation on the variability","volume":"53","author":"Pearson EG","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"205","volume-title":"Veterinary Pediatrics","author":"Center SA","year":"1990"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","first-page":"2619","article-title":"Effects of plasma sample storage on blood ammonia, bilirubin, and urea nitrogen concentrations: Cats and horses","volume":"46","author":"Olgilvie GK","year":"1985","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","unstructured":"PhillipsL. 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