{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,20]],"date-time":"2025-10-20T00:52:12Z","timestamp":1760921532020},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,10]],"date-time":"2006-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1139529600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Veterinary Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objective\u2014<\/jats:bold> To evaluate allograft histopathology in dog leukocyte antigen (DLA)\u2010mismatched dogs undergoing renal transplantation, with transient immunosuppression.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Study Design\u2014<\/jats:bold> Prospective study.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Animals\u2014<\/jats:bold> Ten healthy adult mongrel dogs.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2014<\/jats:bold> Reciprocal renal transplantation and bilateral nephrectomy were performed. Immune conditioning consisted of nonmyeloablative (200\u2003cGy), total body irradiation (TBI), bone marrow transplantation (BMT; 7 dogs), cyclosporine (CSA; 15\u2003mg\/kg every 12 hours), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF; 10\u2003mg\/kg every 12 hours) and intermittent prednisone (1\u2003mg\/kg every 12\u201324 hours). Biopsies were collected at transplantation, during full immunosuppression (44\u201390 days), and once medications were reduced or discontinued (228\u2013580 days). Biopsies were evaluated for interstitial, tubular, vascular, and glomerular lesions. Blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, serum CSA concentrations, and clinical score were determined at each biopsy.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2014<\/jats:bold> Seven dogs survived &gt;200 days (mean, 380 days). Transient CSA toxicity was suspected in 6 dogs. Lymphocytic, plasmacytic interstitial inflammation, and tubulitis progressed when immunosuppressive medications were decreased. All 7 dogs had histologic lesions consistent with some degree of allograft rejection at study end.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2014<\/jats:bold> Nonmyeloablative TBI, BMT, and short\u2010term immunosuppression with CSA, MMF, and prednisone allowed renal allograft function and dog survival for &gt;200 days. It appears unlikely that total drug withdrawal will be possible in unrelated DLA\u2010mismatched dogs using this protocol.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Clinical Relevance\u2014<\/jats:bold> Transient immunosuppression with MMF, CSA, and prednisone along with BMT and nonmyeloablative TBI may make kidney transplantation a clinical reality for treatment of kidney failure in dogs. Initiating both MMF and CSA at lower dosages may potentially eliminate early renal allograft injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950x.2006.00123.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,2,10]],"date-time":"2006-02-10T08:51:19Z","timestamp":1139561479000},"page":"125-135","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Renal Allograft Histopathology in Dog Leukocyte Antigen Mismatched Dogs After Renal Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"KRISTYN D.","family":"BROADDUS","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D. 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