{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T15:58:33Z","timestamp":1790179113237,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,16]],"date-time":"2011-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1308182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Practice"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) generally occurs from a combination of degenerative changes occurring in the lumbar spine. These include hypertrophy of ligamentum flavum, facet joint arthritic changes and bulging of the intervertebral disk. Spinal stenosis leads to compression of the lumbar neural elements (cauda equina), which manifests as low back and leg pain especially on standing and walking known as \u201cneurogenic claudication.\u201d Current treatment options for LSS are varied. Conservative management, including physical therapy with\/without epidural steroid injections, may be adequate for mild stenosis. Surgical decompression is reserved for severe cases and results in variable degrees of success. Patients with moderate\u2010to\u2010severe LSS having ligamentum flavum hypertrophy as a key contributor are generally inappropriately treated or undertreated. This is due to ineffectiveness of conservative therapy and possibility that major surgical compression might be too aggressive. Percutaneous decompression offers a possible solution for this patient population.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> One\u2010year follow\u2010up study was conducted at 11 U.S. sites. Study cohort included 58 <jats:italic>mild<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u00ae<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> percutaneous decompression patients who underwent 170 procedures, the majority treated bilaterally at one or two lumbar levels. Outcome measures included the visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), Zurich Claudication Questionnaire (ZCQ), and SF\u201012v2<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> Health Survey.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> No major <jats:italic>mild<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u00ae<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> device or procedure\u2010related complications were reported. One\u2010year data showed significant reduction of pain as measured by VAS. Improvement in physical functionality, mobility, and disability was significant as measured by ZCQ, SF\u201012v2, and ODI.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> At 1\u2003year this 58\u2010patient cohort demonstrated continued excellent safety profile of the <jats:italic>mild<\/jats:italic><jats:sup><jats:italic>\u00ae<\/jats:italic><\/jats:sup> procedure and equally important, showed long\u2010term pain relief and improved functionality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2011.00481.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]],"date-time":"2011-06-17T03:25:40Z","timestamp":1308281140000},"page":"184-193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Long\u2010Term Results of Percutaneous Lumbar Decompression <i>mild<\/i><sup>\u00ae<\/sup> for Spinal 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