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The PPG appears to play an important role in various pain syndromes including headaches, trigeminal and sphenopalatine neuralgia, atypical facial pain, muscle pain, vasomotor rhinitis, eye disorders, and herpes infection. Clinical trials have shown that these pain disorders can be managed effectively with sphenopalatine ganglion blockade (SPGB). In addition, regional anesthesia of the distribution area of the SPG sensory fibers for nasal and dental surgery can be provided by SPGB via a transnasal, transoral, or lateral infratemporal approach. To arouse the interest of the modern\u2010day clinicians in the use of the SPGB, the advantages, disadvantages, and modifications of the available methods for blockade are discussed.\u25aa<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1533-2500.2011.00507.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,9,29]],"date-time":"2011-09-29T10:03:55Z","timestamp":1317290635000},"page":"399-412","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":139,"title":["The Pterygopalatine Ganglion and its Role in Various Pain Syndromes: From Anatomy to Clinical 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