{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,7]],"date-time":"2025-10-07T12:05:48Z","timestamp":1759838748243},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,17]],"date-time":"2004-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1092700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Hepatitis C virus (HCV) represents a viral pandemic that is five times as widespread as human immunodeficiency virus. Blood transfusion posed a major risk of HCV infection in developed countries before 1990, but the introduction of improved blood\u2010screening measures has decreased the risk of transfusion\u2010associated HCV infection, which may now be even lower since the introduction of screening of pooled samples by nucleic acid testing (NAT). Unfortunately, NAT is not affordable in most developing countries. The goal of this work is to assess the usefulness of both screening measures, the medical history, and the self\u2010exclusion form to distinguish between high\u2010risk and low\u2010risk populations of HCV\u2010carrier blood\u2010donor candidates in Mexico.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:\u2002<\/jats:bold> From February 2002 to April 2003, 4174 consecutive candidates were enrolled in a prospective, nonrandomized and comparative study. In total, 4158 candidates were included in the analysis and divided in two groups: Group A consisted of 3101 accepted donors and Group B consisted of 1057 deferred donors according to a complete medical history and self\u2010exclusion form. The only exclusion criteria was the lack of a signed consent form to enter the study. All candidates from both groups underwent anti\u2010HCV detection by third\u2010generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Those who had either a positive or gray\u2010zone signal\u2010to\u2010cutoff ratio underwent polymerase chain reaction and a second EIA test. If the second EIA test resulted in either a positive or gray\u2010zone signal\u2010to\u2010cutoff ratio, a recombinant immunoblot assay test was performed. The chi\u2010square test was used for statistical analysis, and a p value less than 0.05 was considered significant.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Anti\u2010HCV prevalence by the EIA method was as follows: 0.61 percent for Group A and 1.32 percent for Group B (p = 0.0243); whereas with recombinant immunoblot assay the prevalence was 0.19 percent for Group A and 0.47 percent for Group B (p = 0.1265). When we analyzed the polymerase chain reaction test results, the prevalence in Group A was 0.10 percent (95% confidence interval, 0.089\u20100.110) and in Group B was 0.47 percent (95% confidence interval, 0.439\u20100.500) (p = 0.0159).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The medical history of blood donors in conjunction with serologic screening tests helps to improve blood transfusion safety. This measure is recommended in blood banks of those countries where NAT is still unaffordable.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03379.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,17]],"date-time":"2004-08-17T09:10:39Z","timestamp":1092733839000},"page":"1344-1349","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Hepatitis C seroprevalence in accepted versus deferred blood\u2010donor candidates evaluated by medical history and self\u2010exclusion form"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Rafael Antonio Mar\u00edn y","family":"L\u00f3pez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sagrario","family":"Romero\u2010Estrella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lilia","family":"Infante\u2010Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge Sa\u00fal","family":"M\u00e9ndez\u2010Aquino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Berr\u00f3n\u2010Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norma Ang\u00e9lica","family":"Morales\u2010Alfaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ra\u00fal","family":"Vivar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Etelvina","family":"Carrada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda del Refugio","family":"Rivera\u2010Rend\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio Arturo","family":"S\u00e1nchez\u2010Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200107053450107"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2003.00392.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2002.00174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2000.40101157.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2000.40101198.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.284.2.238"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","unstructured":"Transfusion medicine in the Americas 1994\u20102000. OPS\/HSE\u2010LAB\/04. Washington:Panamerican Health Organization World Health Organization 2001."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","unstructured":"Norma Oficial Mexicana NOM\u2010003\u2010SSA2\u20101993 For the collection and handling of human blood components for therapeutical purposes. M\u00e9xico 1993."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"52(RR03","article-title":"Guidelines for laboratory testing and results reporting of antibody to hepatitis","author":"Alter MJ","year":"2003","journal-title":"C virus. MMWR"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","unstructured":"ColtonT.Statistics in medicine. Boston: Little Brown 1979."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"History and examination","author":"Swartz MH.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","first-page":"124","article-title":"Interviews of individuals diagnosed as anti\u2010human immunodeficiency virus\u2010positive through the screening of blood donations in the Paris area from","volume":"36","author":"Lefr\u00e8re JJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"o"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","unstructured":"KleinmanS.Donor selection and screening procedures. In:NanceST ed.Blood safety current challenges. Bethesda: American Association of Blood Banks 1992:169\u2010200."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","volume-title":"WHO, PAHO, and the International Federation of Red Cross and Crescent Red Societies","author":"Making the difference: v","year":"2002"}],"container-title":["Transfusion"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1537-2995.2004.03379.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1537-2995.2004.03379.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03379.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T02:15:50Z","timestamp":1697249750000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03379.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,17]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03379.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03379.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0041-1132","1537-2995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0041-1132","type":"print"},{"value":"1537-2995","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,17]]}}}