{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T17:41:28Z","timestamp":1775065288103,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,19]],"date-time":"2005-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1127088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold>Weak D types are thought to express rather quantitative than qualitative D antigen variants. Distinct type\u2010specific phenotypes and weak D cases with anti\u2010D alloimmunization, however, suggest a variable degree of D antigen alteration.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:<\/jats:bold>Variant D types were investigated by use of molecular typing,<jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic>sequencing, extended serologic D antigen investigations, and flow cytometric D antigen density determination.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold>Two novel weak D types were discovered, termed weak D type 31 and 32 with single<jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic>nucleotide substitutions coding for amino acid exchanges in predicted intracellular RhD polypeptide stretches, with antigen densities of approximately 130 and 50 D sites per red blood cell, respectively. Adsorption\u2010elution technique\u2013supported D epitope mapping of these two weak D types, the recently described weak D type 26, and of the most common Central European weak D types (weak D types 1, 2, 3, 4.0, and 4.1) demonstrated the expression of all tested D epitopes. In contrast, a distinct D epitope loss was detected in weak D type 15 and partial D control samples.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold>All novel and prevalent weak D types expressed all tested D epitopes. Our results indicate that adsorption\u2010elution techniques may be of advantage whenever D epitope loss is suspected in extremely weak D variants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2005.00580.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,9,19]],"date-time":"2005-09-19T15:28:21Z","timestamp":1127143701000},"page":"1574-1580","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Novel weak D types 31 and 32: adsorption\u2010elution\u2013supported D antigen analysis and comparison to prevalent weak D types"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"G\u00fcnther 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