{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T16:33:40Z","timestamp":1778776420143,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]],"date-time":"2006-10-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1161907200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Health history questions identify blood donors believed to pose a higher risk of transmission of infectious diseases. This study assesses the current impact of some of these questions on blood safety as reflected by infectious disease markers.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:<\/jats:bold> Donors who were deferred from donating blood due to health history question(s) were recruited at four different regions of the American Red Cross Blood Services. A blood sample was tested for serologic markers of blood\u2010borne infections as performed for accepted blood donors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> Of 497 deferred donors enrolled, 29 donors were deferred for having had \u201cyellow jaundice, liver disease, or hepatitis since the age of 11\u201d (Question\u20033), 1 of whom had hepatitis\u2003C virus antibodies (anti\u2010HCV) and hepatitis\u2003B core antigen antibodies (anti\u2010HBc), 2 had anti\u2010HBc, and 1 had anti\u2010HCV (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05 for both markers). Among 37 donors deferred for having \u201cever tested positive for hepatitis\u201d (Question\u20034), 1 had hepatitis B surface antigen and anti\u2010HBc and 3 had anti\u2010HBc (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05 for both markers). Of 14 donors deferred for \u201chaving ever used a needle, even once, to take any illegal or nonprescription drug\u201d (Question\u200312), 1 had anti\u2010HCV, human T\u2010lymphotropic virus\u2010I antibodies and anti\u2010HBc, 1 had anti\u2010HCV and anti\u2010HBc, and 2 had anti\u2010HCV (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05 for all three markers).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:bold> Blood donors deferred for standard blood donor questions regarding risk of viral hepatitis as well as those with a history of intravenous drug use were more likely to have higher hepatitis marker rates than those who were not deferred. No significant findings were identified for other markers or questions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2006.01008.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]],"date-time":"2006-10-27T10:16:34Z","timestamp":1161944194000},"page":"1997-2003","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Prevalence of selected viral infections among blood donors deferred for potential risk to blood safety"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Shimian","family":"Zou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Washington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Edward Notari","family":"Iv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Musavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce","family":"Newman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ritchard","family":"Cable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krista L.","family":"Hillyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher D.","family":"Hillyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roger\u2003Y.","family":"Dodd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"ARCNET Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Current estimates of transfusion safety worldwide","volume":"120","author":"Dodd RY","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev Biol (Basel)"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/tmrv.2001.24593"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0041-1132.2004.44501.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2004.03307.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1423-0410.1999.7640209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1998.38298193102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1987.27287150200.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2005.00577.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2002.00174.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa040085"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-6892.2004.00503.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","volume-title":"SAS\/STAT user\u2019s guide.","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Logistic regression using the SAS system","author":"Allison PD","year":"1999"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","first-page":"22A","article-title":"Changes in donor deferral following implementation of the uniform donor history questionnaire at two blood centers [abstract]","volume":"45","author":"Zou S","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transfusion"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","first-page":"182A","article-title":"How do you spell variance? 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