{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:18:23Z","timestamp":1790806703710,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,10]],"date-time":"2009-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1255132800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Current estimates of 70 cases of transfusion\u2010transmitted <jats:italic>Babesia microti<\/jats:italic>, with 12 associated deaths, suggest that <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> is a growing blood safety concern. The extent of <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> infections among blood donors has not been well defined. To determine how common exposure to <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> is among blood donors, a seroprevalence study was undertaken in the American Red Cross Northeast Division.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:<\/jats:bold> Blood donations at selected blood drives in Connecticut and Massachusetts (2000 through 2007) were tested for the presence of immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies to <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> using immunofluorescence assay. Geographic and temporal trends of <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> seroprevalence were estimated for donor's zip code of residence.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> Overall, a 1.1% seroprevalence was identified in Connecticut, with the highest levels found in two Southeastern counties (Middlesex and New London). Observed seroprevalence for offshore islands of Massachusetts was 1.4%. Seropositive donations were identified from donors residing in all eight counties in Connecticut and three counties in Massachusetts. Although a seasonal peak was found between July and September, seropositive donations were identified in every month of the year.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:bold> Foci of statistically higher <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> seroprevalence among blood donors were observed; however, <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic> transfusion transmission risk exists for blood collected throughout Connecticut and portions of Massachusetts. Similarly, a seasonal peak was identified; nevertheless, seropositive donations were found year\u2010round. Thus, geographic and\/or seasonal exclusion methods are insufficient to fully safeguard the blood supply from <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> transmission. Steps should be taken to reduce risk of transfusion\u2010transmitted <jats:italic>B. microti<\/jats:italic>, perhaps through implementation of year\u2010round, regional testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02430.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,10]],"date-time":"2009-10-10T14:41:46Z","timestamp":1255185706000},"page":"2574-2582","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":71,"title":["TRANSFUSION COMPLICATIONS: Seroprevalence of <i>Babesia microti<\/i> in blood donors from <i>Babesia<\/i>\u2010endemic areas of the northeastern United States: 2000 through 2007"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Stephanie T.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritchard G.","family":"Cable","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Tonnetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bryan","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Rios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David A.","family":"Leiby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197010152831607"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00034983.1998.11813307"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clind\/15.6.1019"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.2006.00740.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.1991.31491213305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-96-4-446"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1537-2995.2000.40030285.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/595010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02317.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","unstructured":"FriedenTR.New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene Health Advisory #5: increase in transfusion\u2010associated babesiosis in NYC. 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