{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T20:33:15Z","timestamp":1758400395743},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,15]],"date-time":"2009-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1255564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> The cellular prion protein (PrP<jats:sup>c<\/jats:sup>) plays a central role in prion diseases such as variant Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob disease. This disease can be transmitted by blood transfusion. However, the exact kinetics of blood infectivity and the blood fraction carrying infectivity have not yet been identified.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:<\/jats:bold> Simian PrP<jats:sup>c<\/jats:sup> epitopes were mapped by flow cytometry using monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs). A whole blood\/no wash protocol was established, validated, and applied to investigate peripheral blood cell\u2013associated PrP<jats:sup>c<\/jats:sup> expression profiles in bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)\u2010infected cynomolgus monkeys and age\u2010\/sex\u2010matched controls. In addition, physiologic expression patterns on blood cells and in lymphoid tissues were determined.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> In BSE\u2010infected macaques, blood lymphocyte\u2013associated PrP<jats:sup>c<\/jats:sup> fluorescence gradually increased years before the onset of clinical signs (p<jats:sub>F test<\/jats:sub>\u2003&lt;\u20030.0001). The increase in fluorescence intensity was detectable with MoAb 12F10, whereas we failed to detect an increase with 3F4. In parallel, plasma concentrations of soluble CD230 also increased. Centrifugation of lymphocytes almost completely eliminated differences between infected and noninfected animals, most likely caused by a partial loss in cell\u2010associated CD230 into the plasma supernatant.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> Blood lymphocytes from asymptomatically infected as well as diseased macaques were characterized by increased CD230 fluorescence, and phosphatidylinositol\u2010phospholipase C\u2013resistant PrP molecules contributed at least partially to this increase. Conformational changes within PrP<jats:sup>c<\/jats:sup> molecules may be the underlying mechanism for the increased PrP<jats:sup>c<\/jats:sup> fluorescence. This cell\u2010associated phenomenon contributed at least partially to an increase in soluble plasma\u2010derived PrP<jats:sup>c<\/jats:sup> levels. It is not yet known whether these changes reflect infectivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2009.02437.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,10,15]],"date-time":"2009-10-15T14:53:56Z","timestamp":1255618436000},"page":"452-466","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Increase in CD230 (cellular prion protein) fluorescence on blood lymphocytes in bovine spongiform encephalopathy\u2013infected nonhuman primates"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Edgar","family":"Holznagel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Yutzy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Schulz\u2010Schaeffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kay\u2010Martin","family":"Hanschman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Stuke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Uwe","family":"Hahmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mechthild","family":"T\u00f6rner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cheick","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Hoffmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Hunsmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Johannes","family":"L\u00f6wer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(199908)46:2<224::AID-ANA12>3.0.CO;2-W"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.121.18.419"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V99.10.3877"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/20.7.1547"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1042\/BJ20050571"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-007-7478-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91412-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/383685a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)02719-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2008-04-152520"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0041-1132.2003.00586.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","unstructured":"Lasm\u00e9zasCI LescoutraN ComoyE HolznagelE L\u00f6werJ MotzkusD HunsmannG IngrossoL PocchiariM WillR IronsideJ DeslysJP.Interim transmission results in cynomolgus macaques inoculated with BSE and vCJD blood specimens. 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