{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T21:15:33Z","timestamp":1768425333612,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,13]],"date-time":"2011-05-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1305244800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Avoiding immunization with clinically important antibodies is a primary objective in transfusion medicine. Therefore, it is central to identify the extent of D antigens that escape routine RhD typing of blood donors and to improve methodology if necessary.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:<\/jats:bold> We screened 5058 D\u2212 donors for the presence of the <jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic> gene, targeting Exons 5, 7, and 10 with real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction. Samples that were positive in the screen test were investigated further by adsorption\u2010elution, antibody consumption, flow cytometry, and sequencing of all <jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic> exons with intron\u2010specific primers. Lookback was performed on all recipients of RBCs from <jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic>+ donors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> We found 13 <jats:italic>RHD<\/jats:italic>+ samples (0.26%). No variants or chimeras were found. Characterization of DNA revealed a novel <jats:italic>DEL<\/jats:italic> type (IVS2\u20102 A&gt;G). In the lookback of the 136 transfusions with subsequent antibody follow\u2010up, of which 13 were from <jats:italic>DEL<\/jats:italic> donors, one recipient developed anti\u2010D. However, in this case, a competing and more likely cause of immunization was the concurrent transfusion of D+ platelets. Eleven recipients were immunized with 13 antibodies different from anti\u2010D, of which five were anti\u2010K.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> In our laboratory, serologic RhD typing was safe. We detected all D variants and only missed <jats:italic>DEL<\/jats:italic> types<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> In assessing the immunization risk we included a <jats:italic>DEL<\/jats:italic> donor, found previous to this study, that did immunize a recipient with anti\u2010D. We conclude that inadvertent immunization with D antigens in our setting was rare and in the order of 1.4 in 100,000 D\u2212 transfusions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03156.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,13]],"date-time":"2011-05-13T16:50:55Z","timestamp":1305305455000},"page":"2278-2285","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Is current serologic RhD typing of blood donors sufficient for avoiding immunization of recipients? 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