{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T02:00:18Z","timestamp":1767924018886,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,3]],"date-time":"2011-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1307059200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Blood of individuals with variant Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob disease (vCJD) is infectious but the titer is unknown. Current estimates of possible vCJD infectivity titers in blood have largely relied on an assumption that the titers of vCJD agent in human blood are likely to be similar to those in blood of rodents infected with model transmissible spongiform encephalopathy agents, assayed by intracerebral inoculations of rodents of the same species.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:<\/jats:bold> We analyzed published descriptions of experimental transfusion\u2010transmitted (TT) bovine spongiform encephalopathy and scrapie in sheep and reports of TTvCJD in humans, applying statistical approaches to estimate the probable number of intravenous infectious doses (ID<jats:sub>iv<\/jats:sub>) per unit of transfused blood (ID<jats:sub>iv<\/jats:sub>\/unit). For humans, ID<jats:sub>iv<\/jats:sub>\/unit of nonleukoreduced red blood cells (NLR\u2010RBCs) were estimated by two statistical models.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> Sheep blood collected at or near onset of clinical illness contained a mean of 0.80\u2003ID<jats:sub>iv<\/jats:sub>\/unit. Estimates of infectivity in NLR\u2010RBCs from donors incubating vCJD indicated a probable mean infectivity of 0.29\u2003ID<jats:sub>iv<\/jats:sub>\/unit (Model\u20031) and 0.75\u2003ID<jats:sub>iv<\/jats:sub>\/unit (Model\u20032). The analysis predicted a mean of 21 vCJD\u2010infected recipients expected in a cohort transfused with vCJD\u2010implicated NLR\u2010RBCs in the United Kingdom.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSION:<\/jats:bold> Our analysis suggested that, while less than one ID<jats:sub>iv <\/jats:sub>is likely to be present in a given unit of NLR\u2010RBCs collected from a donor incubating vCJD, there is a high probability of TT infection among recipients of vCJD\u2010implicated blood components. The analysis supports continuing measures currently recommended to reduce the risk of TTvCJD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2011.03199.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,6]],"date-time":"2011-06-06T15:00:31Z","timestamp":1307372431000},"page":"2596-2602","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Estimation of variant Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob disease infectivity titers in human blood"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Luisa","family":"Gregori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2008.02044.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","unstructured":"National Creutzfeldt\u2010Jakob Disease Research & Surveillance Unit and UK Blood Services.Transfusion Medicine Epidemiology Review. 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