{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T11:32:11Z","timestamp":1788348731021,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,3]],"date-time":"2012-10-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transfusion"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Alloimmunization to antigens on transfused red blood cells (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBCs<\/jats:styled-content>) represents a major barrier to chronic transfusion. In extreme cases of multiple alloimmunization, clinicians may be faced with the decision of transfusing incompatible <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBCs<\/jats:styled-content> or risking death from lack of transfusion. The disastrous results of hemolytic transfusion reactions are well understood, and major pathways of clearance have been described. However, well described but poorly understood is the survival of a subset of incompatible donor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBCs<\/jats:styled-content> during hemolysis, despite antibody binding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study Design And Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We utilize a tractable murine model of incompatible transfusion in which RBCs from transgenic donor mice expressing human glycophorin\u2009A (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hGPA<\/jats:styled-content>) are transfused into recipients passively immunized with anti\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">hGPA<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>As in humans, the majority of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBCs<\/jats:styled-content> are cleared but a subset of incompatible donor <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBCs<\/jats:styled-content> persist in circulation, despite being bound by antibodies. Data contained herein reject the hypothesis that lack of clearance is due to insufficient antibody or overwhelming of phagocytic machinery; rather, we establish that surviving <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBCs<\/jats:styled-content> represent a distinct population resistant to clearance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>These studies demonstrate that surviving <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBCs<\/jats:styled-content> during incompatible transfusion can represent a population that is resistant to clearance.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2012.03910.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,4]],"date-time":"2012-10-04T02:49:19Z","timestamp":1349318959000},"page":"1319-1327","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Resistance of a subset of red blood cells to clearance by antibodies in a mouse model of incompatible transfusion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Justine S.","family":"Liepkalns","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chantel M.","family":"Cadwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sean R.","family":"Stowell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eldad A.","family":"Hod","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven L.","family":"Spitalnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James C.","family":"Zimring","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1423-0410.1983.tb01886.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.1995.tb05425.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Multiple red cell transfusions and alloimmunization. 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