{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,11]],"date-time":"2026-11-11T14:46:04Z","timestamp":1794408364779,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":147,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,15]],"date-time":"2012-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1342310400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Risk Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Successfully managing risks to achieve wild polioviruses (WPVs) eradication and address the complexities of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) cessation to stop all cases of paralytic poliomyelitis depends strongly on our collective understanding of poliovirus immunity and transmission. With increased shifting from OPV to inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), numerous risk management choices motivate the need to understand the tradeoffs and uncertainties and to develop models to help inform decisions. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention hosted a meeting of international experts in April 2010 to review the available literature relevant to poliovirus immunity and transmission. This expert review evaluates 66 OPV challenge studies and other evidence to support the development of quantitative models of poliovirus transmission and potential outbreaks. This review focuses on characterization of immunity as a function of exposure history in terms of susceptibility to excretion, duration of excretion, and concentration of excreted virus. We also discuss the evidence of waning of host immunity to poliovirus transmission, the relationship between the concentration of poliovirus excreted and infectiousness, the importance of different transmission routes, and the differences in transmissibility between OPV and WPV. We discuss the limitations of the available evidence for use in polio risk models, and conclude that despite the relatively large number of studies on immunity, very limited data exist to directly support quantification of model inputs related to transmission. Given the limitations in the evidence, we identify the need for expert input to derive quantitative model inputs from the existing data.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1539-6924.2012.01864.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,15]],"date-time":"2012-07-15T22:01:14Z","timestamp":1342389674000},"page":"544-605","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Expert Review on Poliovirus Immunity and Transmission"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Radboud J.","family":"Duintjer Tebbens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kid Risk, Inc. P.O. Box 590129 Newton MA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"Pallansch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Division of Viral Diseases Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Atlanta GA USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin M.","family":"Chumakov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration Rockville MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Neal A.","family":"Halsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Health Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health Baltimore MD USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tapani","family":"Hovi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL) Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip D.","family":"Minor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute of Biological Standards and Control, Health Protection Agency South Mimms Potters Bar Hertfordshire UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John F.","family":"Modlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dartmouth\u2010Hitchcock Medical Center Lebanon NH USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter A.","family":"Patriarca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biologics Consulting Group, Inc. 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