{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T18:53:26Z","timestamp":1761418406801},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,30]],"date-time":"2006-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1151625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7850,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pacing Clinical Electrophis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A sensor that detects body activity by low frequency sonic impulses has been incorporated in a pacemaker so that body activity may be translated to an increased pacing rate in response to exercise. The pacemaker is designed for patients who may benefit from an increased cardiac output mediated by an increased heart rate during exercise. Following permanent pacemaker implantation, six patients (mean age 69 years) entered a single blind, randomized, crossover trial for comparison of activity\u2010sensing, rate\u2010responsive pacing (A) to fixed rate demand pacing (D). Ventricular function was assessed by gated radionuclide ventriculography at rest and at exercise, while exercise capacity was assessed by treadmill performance, along with measurements of oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production. Total treadmill duration and maximum oxygen consumption were similar in the two pacing modes (A = 284 \u00b1 244 s, 13.4 \u00b1 3.4 ml O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/min\/kg; D = 256 \u00b1 250 s, 11.7 \u00b1 3.7 ml O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/min\/kg). Anaerobic threshold, however, was significantly improved (A = 266 \u00b1 199 s, (p&lt;.05), 13.0 \u00b1 2.2 ml O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/min\/kg (p &lt; .01); D = 231 \u00b1 208 s, 10.8 \u00b1 2.3 ml O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/min\/kg). This improvement was associated with an enhanced exercise cardiac output (A = 4.51 \u00b1 1.3 L\/min\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; D = 3.61 \u00b1 .84 L\/min\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; p &lt; .05) which was mediated by an increased heart rate (A = 95 \u00b1 12 bpm; D = 68 \u00b1 2 bpm; p &lt; .01), maintenance of stroke volume (A = 47 \u00b1 10 ml\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; D = 54 \u00b1 14 ml\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>) and absence of cardiac dilatation (EDVI A = 109 \u00b1 25 ml\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>; D = 120 \u00b1 32 ml\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>). Holter monitoring revealed rare instances of unexpected heart rate increases secondary to external activation of the sensor with no significant adverse effects being encountered. We conclude that activity\u2010sensing, rate\u2010responsive pacing offers the potential for increased exercise tolerance secondary to improved cardiac function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1985.tb05723.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,7,2]],"date-time":"2006-07-02T09:45:46Z","timestamp":1151833546000},"page":"52-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":129,"title":["Activity\u2010Sensing, Rate\u2010Responsive Pacing: Improvement in Myocardial Performance with Exercise"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"DENNIS P.","family":"HUMEN","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WILLIAM J.","family":"KOSTUK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GEORGE J.","family":"KLEIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-72367-4_39"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"176","volume-title":"Exercise and the Heart","author":"Gilbert C.A.","year":"1978"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"877","article-title":"Radionuclide angiography: A non\u2010invasive method for evaluating left ventricular ejection fraction and regional wall motion. Comparison to contrast left ventricular angiography","volume":"119","author":"Kostuk W.J.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Can. Med. Assoc. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.68.2.360"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(65)90454-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","first-page":"24","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IVth International Symposium on Cardiac Pacing","author":"Sowton E.","year":"1973"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.65.5.846"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1983.tb05301.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","unstructured":"Sutton R. Perrins J. Citron P.:Physiological cardiac pacing in VIth World Symposium on Cardiac Pacing Montreal 1979 Cardiac Pacing State of the Arts 1979. Proceedings Montreal Quebec Pace Symp. 1979 p.16."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1982.tb06564.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","first-page":"414","volume-title":"Cardiac Pacing, Proceedings of the Vth National Symposium","author":"Cimilli L.","year":"1977"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","first-page":"470","article-title":"A physiologically controlled cardiac pacemaker","volume":"1","author":"Krasner J.","year":"1966","journal-title":"J.A.A.M.S."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.45.1.56"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1984.tb04854.x"}],"container-title":["Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1540-8159.1985.tb05723.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1985.tb05723.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,20]],"date-time":"2023-10-20T15:20:48Z","timestamp":1697815248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1985.tb05723.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1985.tb05723.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1985.tb05723.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0147-8389","1540-8159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0147-8389","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8159","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1985,1]]}}}