{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,12]],"date-time":"2024-05-12T16:26:51Z","timestamp":1715531211292},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,29]],"date-time":"2007-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4228,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Nonpharmacologic Approaches to Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter. The high prevalence of atrial fibrillation, the associated morbidity and mortality, the absence of safe and effective drug therapy, and an increased understanding of the pathophysiologic basis of atrial fibrillation and flutter have collectively led to the development of novel nonpharmacologic treatments for the management of these arrhythmias, including the CORRIDOR and MAZE surgical procedures, catheter\u2010based ablation and modification of AV conduction, catheter\u2010based ablation of atrial flutter and fibrillation, and internal atrial defibrillation. These surgical and catheter\u2010based techniques offer potentially curative therapy while sparing the long\u2010term risks of antiarrhythmic drug therapy. For patients with typical atrial flutter, catheter ablation affords cure rates in excess of 70%. As technological innovations further facilitate identification and ablation of the critical isthmus in the floor of the right atrium, success rates should improve substantially. For patients with atrial fibrillation, AV junction ablation with implantation of a rate\u2010responsive ventricular pacemaker should be considered palliative therapy, as should modification of AV junction conduction. The MAZE procedure offers very high cure rates, but because it currently involves open heart surgery, patient selection is critical. Catheter\u2010based procedures emulating aspects of the MAZE procedure may one day offer cure rates comparable to those of the surgery itself, but additional research and technological development are necessary to further define and refine the minimal effective procedure, and then to facilitate the placement of contiguous, full\u2010thickness lesions in precise three\u2010dimensional configurations. In the interim, the implantable automatic atrial defibrillator may offer a means for rapidly restoring sinus rhythm without the risks of long\u2010term antiarrhythmic drug therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1995.tb00373.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,14]],"date-time":"2007-05-14T01:45:45Z","timestamp":1179107145000},"page":"972-978","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Nonpharmacologic Approaches to the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation and Atrial Flutter"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"BRETT M.","family":"BAKER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JOSEPH M.","family":"SMITH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"MICHAEL E.","family":"CAIN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(88)91053-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/8.suppl_D.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.eurheartj.a062312","article-title":"Chronic atrial fibrillation. 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