{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T08:04:10Z","timestamp":1767859450571,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,29]],"date-time":"2007-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177804800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4076,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Dogs with Inherited Sudden Death.<jats:italic>Introduction:<\/jats:italic>Dogs with an inherited predisposition to sudden death display ventricular arrhythmias having certain characteristics, such as pause dependence, that are suggestive of early afterdepolarization\u2010induced triggered activity. We hypothesized that \u03b1\u2010adrenergic stimulation may facilitate the development of these arrhythmias by inducing a reflex bradycardia and by exerting a direct myocardial effect.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Methods and Results:<\/jats:italic>Twenty affected dogs and 7 unaffected dogs were studied. The incidence and severity of ventricular arrhythmias were determined after administration of phenylephrine (0.01 mg\/kg IV), with or without pretreatment with propranolol (0.1 to 0.3 mg\/kg IV), atropine (0.04 mg\/kg IV), or prazosin (0.5 mg\/kg IV). Third\u2010degree heart block was induced by AV nodal ablation in 4 affected dogs. Phenylephrine increased ventricular arrhythmias in affected dogs, with or without pretreatment with propranolol, but did not induce ventricular arrhythmias in unaffected dogs. In dogs with intact AV nodal conduction, atropine increased sinus rate, which suppressed baseline and phenylephrine\u2010induced arrhythmias. In dogs with heart block, arrhythmias were increased during baseline and after phenylephrine with or without pretreatment with atropine. Prazosin and overdrive ventricular pacing suppressed phenylephrine\u2010induced arrhythmias.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>Phenylephrine increases ventricular arrhythmias in dogs with inherited sudden death via both an induction of reflex bradycardia and a direct myocardial effect. Superimposition of heightened \u03b1\u2010adrenergic and vagal tone may facilitate the development of sudden death in these animals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.1996.tb00519.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,14]],"date-time":"2007-05-14T01:54:58Z","timestamp":1179107698000},"page":"217-230","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Phenylephrine\u2010Induced Ventricular Arrhythmias in Dogs with Inherited Sudden Death"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"N. 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