{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T19:41:18Z","timestamp":1778874078172,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,20]],"date-time":"2007-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2666,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Electrophysiologic Characteristics in Sinus Node Dysfunction. <jats:italic>Introduction:<\/jats:italic> Clinical electrophysiology (EP) has focused attention on the EP properties of atrial muscle in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Patients with sinus node dysfunction (SND) sometimes are included in these studies, but the characteristics of these patients with SND alone appear less well investigated.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Methods and Results:<\/jats:italic> We reviewed EP data of 46 patients (mean age 70 \u00b1 8 years) with SND, who underwent EP study for evaluation of the atrial substrate. In 16 patients, a history of paroxysmal AF was documented, but not in the remaining 30 patients who had SND alone. We considered as control a group of 25 subjects (mean age 63 \u00b1 14 years), who were referred to our EP laboratory for unexplained syncope or AV conduction disturbances. Following pharmacologic washout and at a drive cycle of 600 msec, effective (ERP) and functional refractory periods (FRP), S1\u2010A1 and S2\u2010A2 latency, A1 and A2 width, latent vulnerability index (ERP\/A2), and P wave duration on the surface ECG were measured. Intra\u2010atrial conduction times were measured from the stimulus artifact by pacing the high right atrium (HRA), to the corresponding atriograms at the AV node (HRA\u2010AVN), low lateral atrium (HRA\u2010LLA), and low interatrial septum close to the coronary sinus ostium (HRA\u2010CSO). Compared with the control group, SND patients did not show differences in ERP (238 \u00b1 26 msec vs 250 \u00b1 29 msec), FRP (274 \u00b1 25 msec vs 280 \u00b1 32 msec), S1\u2010A1 (38 \u00b1 15 msec vs 33 \u00b1 11 msec) and S2\u2010A2 latency (67 \u00b1 24 msec vs 63 \u00b1 25 msec), or HRA\u2010AVN (81 \u00b1 24 msec vs 65 \u00b1 19 msec), HRA\u2010LLA (36 \u00b1 30 msec vs 40 \u00b1 27 msec), and HRA\u2010CSO (77 \u00b1 17 msec vs 80 \u00b1 15 msec) conduction times. In contrast, we observed strong differences in atriogram durations Al (59 \u00b1 19 msec vs 39 \u00b1 13 msec; P &lt; 0.001) and A2 (92 \u00b1 28 msec vs 57 \u00b1 18 msec; P &lt; 0.001), as well as in the latent vulnerability index ERP\/A2 (2.8 \u00b1 1.2 msec vs 4.8 \u00b1 1.7; P &lt; 0.001). Also, the P wave was slightly longer (104 \u00b1 18 msec vs 94 \u00b1 45 msec; P &lt; 0.05). No significant statistical difference in EP parameters was found between SND patients with or without documented AF.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic> In patients with SND, atrial refractoriness appears similar to that of control subjects. The most important EP abnormality appears to be local conduction slowing disturbances, with prolonged basal and postextrastimuli atriograms, responsible for a lower vulnerability index. This could explain, at least in part, the tendency of patients with SND to develop AF during their natural history. Normality of atrial refractoriness, in contrast to atrial conduction disorders, might explain why atrial pacing shows a preventative effect on the development of AF and why antiarrhythmic drugs often are ineffective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb00732.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,20]],"date-time":"2007-04-20T13:31:56Z","timestamp":1177075916000},"page":"30-33","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Electrophysiologic Characteristics of the Atrium in Sinus Node Dysfunction:"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"ANTONIO","family":"DE SISTI","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JEAN\u2010FRAN\u00c7OIS","family":"LECLERCQ","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PIERRE","family":"FIORELLO","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"STEPHANIE","family":"MANOT","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"FRANCK","family":"HALIMI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PATRICK","family":"ATTUEL","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90614-S"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(83)80022-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(84)80203-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","first-page":"265","volume-title":"Cardiac Electrophysiology and Arrhythmias","author":"Allessie MA","year":"1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.60.2.404"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"159","volume-title":"The Atrium in Health and Disease","author":"Attuel P","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.68.12.596"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1993.tb00996.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1986.tb06678.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(66)90213-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(94)90347-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1988.tb06289.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(10)80106-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-8703(77)80070-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(83)90577-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.58.3.356"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(82)90471-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.89.1.224"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1540-8167.2000.tb00732.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb00732.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T06:39:35Z","timestamp":1698561575000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb00732.x"}},"subtitle":["Atrial Refractoriness and Conduction"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb00732.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2000.tb00732.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-3873","1540-8167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-3873","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,1]]}}}