{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T16:45:33Z","timestamp":1773420333262,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,9]],"date-time":"2008-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1210291200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Objective<\/jats:italic>: To determine the effect of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) on sympathetic nervous function in heart failure (HF).<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>: Neurohormonal dysregulation and cardiac autonomic dysfunction are associated with HF and contribute to HF progression and its poor prognosis. We hypothesized that mechanical resynchronization improves cardiac sympathetic function in HF.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Methods<\/jats:italic>: Sixteen consecutive patients receiving CRT for advanced cardiomyopathy and 10 controls were included in this prospective study. NYHA class, 6\u2010minute walk distance, echocardiographic parameters, plasma norepinephrine (NE) were assessed at baseline, 3\u2010month and 6\u2010month follow\u2010up. Cardiac sympathetic function was determined by <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>iodine metaiodobenzylguanidine (<jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG) scintigraphy and 24\u2010hour ambulatory electrocardiography.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>: Along with improvement in NYHA class (3.1 \u00b1 0.3 to 2.1 \u00b1 0.4, P &lt; 0.001) and LVEF (23 \u00b1 6% to 33 \u00b1 12%, P &lt; 0.001), delayed heart\/mediastinum (H\/M) <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG ratio increased significantly (1.8 \u00b1 0.7 to 2.1 \u00b1 0.6, P = 0.04) while the H\/M <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG washout rate decreased significantly (54 \u00b1 25% to 34 \u00b1 24%, P = 0.01) from baseline to 6\u2010month follow\u2010up. The heart rate variability (HRV) measured in SD of normal\u2010to\u2010normal intervals also increased significantly from baseline (82 \u00b1 30 ms) to follow\u2010up (111 \u00b1 32 ms, P = 0.04). The improvement in NYHA after CRT was significantly associated with baseline <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG H\/M washout rate (r = 0.65, P = 0.03). The improvement in LVESV index was associated with baseline <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG delayed H\/M ratio (r =\u22120.67, P = 0.02) and H\/M washout rate (r = 0.65, P = 0.03).<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>Conclusion: After CRT, improvements in cardiac symptoms and LV function were accompanied by rebalanced cardiac autonomic control as measured by <jats:sup>123<\/jats:sup>I\u2010MIBG and HRV.<\/jats:bold> <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01190.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,5,9]],"date-time":"2008-05-09T18:41:18Z","timestamp":1210358478000},"page":"1045-1052","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Upregulates Cardiac Autonomic Control"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"YONG\u2010MEI","family":"CHA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JAE","family":"OH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CHINAMI","family":"MIYAZAKI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DAVID L.","family":"HAYES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"ROBERT F.","family":"REA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"WIN\u2010KUANG","family":"SHEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SAMUEL J.","family":"ASIRVATHAM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BRAD J.","family":"KEMP","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DAVID O.","family":"HODGE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PENG\u2010SHENG","family":"CHEN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"PANITHAYA","family":"CHAREONTHAITAWEE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI114294"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.88.3.1299"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03696.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(00)01130-9","article-title":"Heart rate variability patterns before ventricular tachycardia onset in patients with an implantable cardioverter defibrillator","volume":"86","author":"Lombardi F","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199108293250905"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200105313442201"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199108013250501","article-title":"Effect of further enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure","volume":"325","author":"SOLVD","year":"1991","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200103223441202"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.289.20.2685"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa050496"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000083368.75831.7A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_2","first-page":"1620","article-title":"Metaiodobenzylguandidine as an index of the adrenergic nervous system integrity and function","volume":"28","author":"Sisson J","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"Myocardial imaging with a radioiodinated norepinephrine storage analog","volume":"22","author":"Wieland D","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1043","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.93.5.1043","article-title":"Heart rate variability: Standards of measurement, physiological interpretation, and clinical use","volume":"93","author":"Electrophysiology TFotESoCtNASoPa","year":"1996","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nuclcard.2003.10.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_2","volume-title":"The Echo Manual","author":"Oh J","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_2","volume-title":"American Heart Association 2002 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update","author":"Association AH","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198409273111303"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00332-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90167-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(02)02700-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(95)00374-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/heart.86.6.656"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.15.1510"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000047275.25795.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(01)01637-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00853.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrthm.2005.05.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_2","first-page":"1604","article-title":"Efficacy of carvedilol treatment on cardiac function and cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: Comparison with metoprolol therapy","volume":"44","author":"Toyama T","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_2","first-page":"884","article-title":"Addition of valsartan to an angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitor improves cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and left ventricular function in patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"44","author":"Kasama S","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_2","first-page":"1279","article-title":"Spironolactone improves cardiac sympathetic nerve activity and symptoms in patients with congestive heart failure","volume":"43","author":"Kasama S","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Nucl Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000036747.68104.AC"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4301.098282"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000083368.75831.7A"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/hrt.2003.030338"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2006.02.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2007.04.069"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_2","first-page":"829","article-title":"TEE evidence of right atrial tachycardia with mechanical alternans, interatrial and atrioventricular 2:1 block","author":"Saxon L","year":"1999","journal-title":"Pacing Clin Electrophysiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000144271.59333.a7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.102.9.1027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_2","first-page":"1604","article-title":"Efficacy of carvedilol treatment on cardiac function and cardiac sympathetic nerve activity in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy: Comparison with metoprolol therapy","volume":"44","author":"Toyama T","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Nucl Cardiol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1540-8167.2008.01190.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01190.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T19:29:40Z","timestamp":1696966180000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01190.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,20]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01190.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01190.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-3873","1540-8167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-3873","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,20]]}}}