{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T16:36:11Z","timestamp":1791822971394,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,18]],"date-time":"2008-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1221696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Background:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> The presence of a single left superior vena cava in the absence of complex congenital heart disease is uncommon, and, in the absence of hemodynamic consequences, it would not be expected to result in cardiovascular signs or symptoms. Single case reports and our anecdotal experience suggested to us that this anomaly is highly associated with cardiac arrhythmias.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Objective:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> We sought to describe the clinically important arrhythmias in a population of young patients having this anomaly.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Methods:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> A retrospective chart review was performed from all patients &lt;20 years old and who were determined by echocardiography over an 11\u2010year\u2010period to have a single left superior vena cava and minor or no coexisting congenital heart defects. The prevalence of nonsinus pacemaker, age\u2010corrected sinus rate percentile, and prevalence of brady\u2010 or tachyarrhythmias was compared with a control group of patients having bilateral superior vena cavae.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> Eight patients having a single left and 55 patients having bilateral superior vena cava(e) were identified. The existence of this anomaly tended to be associated with a lower age\u2010corrected sinus rate percentile (17.5% vs 75%, P = 0.09), and was associated with a higher prevalence of arrhythmias (50% vs 7%, P = 0.014) compared with the control group. In the study group, one patient each had clinically relevant sinus node dysfunction, third\u2010degree AV block, Wolff\u2010Parkinson\u2010White syndrome and atrial fibrillation, and AV nodal reentrant tachycardia.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> Even in the absence of symptoms, patients found to have a single left superior vena cava should be monitored long\u2010term for clinically important arrhythmias.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01307.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,18]],"date-time":"2008-09-18T21:22:05Z","timestamp":1221772925000},"page":"182-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Arrhythmias in Children Having a Single Left Superior Vena Cava and Minimal Structural Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"CHRISTOPHER","family":"RATNASAMY","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SALIM F.","family":"IDRISS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MICHAEL P.","family":"CARBONI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"RONALD J.","family":"KANTER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.1090940407"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(97)00314-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(92)90118-M"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.54.4.689"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(85)90216-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"126","article-title":"A longitudinal study of electrocardiographic intervals in healthy children","volume":"50","author":"McCammon RW","year":"1961","journal-title":"Acta Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ClarkEB KuglerJD:Preoperative secundum atrial septal defect with coexisting sinus node and atrioventricular node dysfunction.1982;65:976\u2013980.","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.65.5.976"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(84)90825-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(84)90594-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9149(85)90238-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-5273(88)90271-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01265"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2006.07.040"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","first-page":"443","article-title":"The cellular architecture of the human atrioventricular node, with a note on its morphology in the presence of a left superior vena cava","volume":"109","author":"Anderson RH","year":"1971","journal-title":"J Anat"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1540-8167.2008.01307.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01307.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T21:26:04Z","timestamp":1697059564000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01307.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01307.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2008.01307.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1045-3873","1540-8167"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1045-3873","type":"print"},{"value":"1540-8167","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,1,29]]}}}