{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T01:59:04Z","timestamp":1768874344057,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,27]],"date-time":"2009-02-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1235692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:italic>Objective:<\/jats:italic> The prognostic significance of left and right bundle branch block (LBBB and RRBB) in patients with chronic stable cardiovascular (CV) disease is not well characterized and was evaluated in the Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (HOPE) study cohort.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Design:<\/jats:italic> Observational analysis of data prospectively collected in the HOPE trial.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Setting and Patients:<\/jats:italic> HOPE was a multicenter, international trial, which evaluated ramipril and vitamin E in 9,541 patients aged \u226555 years with CV disease or diabetes with \u22651 CV risk factor(s) but without heart failure (HF) or known left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Follow\u2010up extended for a median of 4.5 years. Electrocardiograms were obtained at baseline in all study participants and were read centrally.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Main Outcome Measures:<\/jats:italic> Major CV events (defined as CV death, myocardial infarction, or stroke), heart failure, CV death, all\u2010cause death, and sudden death.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Results:<\/jats:italic> Baseline LBBB was present in 246 (2.6%) patients and was associated with increased risk for major CV events (HR = 1.54; 95% CI, 1.18\u20132.02), CV death (HR 2.29; 95% CI, 1.63\u20133.20), heart failure (HR 2.99; 95% CI, 2.31\u20133.87), sudden death (HR 3.17; 95% CI, 2.13\u20134.73), and all\u2010cause death (HR = 2.10; 95% CI, 1.59\u20132.77). In multivariate models, LBBB remained an independent predictor of heart failure, sudden death, CV death, and all\u2010cause death (P \u2264 0.002 for all). Baseline RBBB was present in 428 (4.5%) of patients and was not associated with increased CV risk.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> In patients with stable chronic CV disease, LBBB but not RBBB is an independent predictor of heart failure, sudden death, CV death, and all\u2010cause death.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2009.01440.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,27]],"date-time":"2009-02-27T15:48:36Z","timestamp":1235749716000},"page":"781-787","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["The Prognostic Significance of Bundle Branch Block in High\u2010Risk Chronic Stable Vascular Disease Patients: A Report from the HOPE Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"GLEN","family":"SUMNER","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"OMID","family":"SALEHIAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"QILONG","family":"YI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JEFF","family":"HEALEY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JAMES","family":"MATHEW","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KHALID","family":"AL\u2010MERRI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"KHALED","family":"AL\u2010NEMER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.F.E.","family":"MANN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"GILLES","family":"DAGENAIS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"EVA","family":"LONN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(89)90630-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-90-3-303"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.51.3.477"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.98.22.2494"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehi580"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/80.12.1585"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000143136.51424.38"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-129-9-199811010-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejheart.2006.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-8703(83)90688-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5273(99)00077-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000141726.01302.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2006.09.113"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(87)80162-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.279.2.153"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","first-page":"127","article-title":"The HOPE (Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation) Study: the design of a large, simple randomized trial of an angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitor (ramipril) and vitamin E in patients at high risk of cardiovascular events in high risk patients","volume":"12","author":"HOPE Study Investigators","year":"1996","journal-title":"Can J Cardiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200001203420301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","volume-title":"The Minnesota Code Manual of Electrocardiographic Findings. 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