{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T10:30:35Z","timestamp":1782469835697,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,5]],"date-time":"2010-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1267747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cardiovasc electrophysiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:bold>Esophageal Effects of Single Big Cryoballoon PVI.<\/jats:bold>\u2002<jats:bold><jats:italic>Introduction:<\/jats:italic><\/jats:bold> Reversible esophageal thermal lesions after cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation (CB\u2010PVI) have been reported when using variable balloon sizes. The aim of this study was to investigate (1) the incidence of esophageal thermal lesions, and (2) esophageal temperature changes associated with CB\u2010PVI using the single big cryoballoon technique.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Methods and Results:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> Thirty\u2010eight patients with atrial fibrillation underwent successful CB\u2010PVI using only the 28 mm cryoballoon. Luminal esophageal temperature (LET) was continuously monitored by 3 thermocouples. Fluoroscopic distance from cryoballoon to esophagus probe was retrospectively evaluated in RAO 30\u00b0 and LAO 40\u00b0 projections. All patients underwent postprocedural esophageal endoscopy. Average minimal LET was lower during freezing at inferior PVs, when compared to superior PVs: 35.4 \u00b1 0.9 (range: 32.6 to 37.4; RSPV); 31.5 \u00b1 7.5 (2.5 to 37.6; RIPV); 32.9 \u00b1 5.2 (8.5 to 36.5; LSPV); and 30.3 \u00b1 8.4\u00b0C (\u22126 to 36.7\u00b0C; LIPV); P = 0.001. We found steep temperature gradients over distance (1) from the cryoballoon center (LETs &lt; 10\u00b0C confined to a distance of &lt; 15 mm in both RAO 30\u00b0 and LAO 40\u00b0 projections), and (2) along the esophagus long axis, underscoring the need for multiple measurement sites. None of the patients showed esophageal thermal lesions at endoscopy after 3 \u00b1 1 (range 1\u20137) days. No AEF occurred during a follow\u2010up of 125 \u00b1 78 days.<\/jats:p><jats:p> <jats:bold>\n            <jats:italic>Conclusion:<\/jats:italic>\n          <\/jats:bold> In a cohort of AF patients treated by the single big cryoballoon technique, CB\u2010PVI was not associated with thermal esophageal lesions. <jats:italic>(J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol, Vol. 21, pp. 869\u2010874, August 2010)<\/jats:italic><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2010.01739.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,5]],"date-time":"2010-03-05T20:10:50Z","timestamp":1267819850000},"page":"869-874","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Esophageal Endoscopy Results After Pulmonary Vein Isolation Using the Single Big Cryoballoon Technique"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"ALEXANDER","family":"F\u00dcRNKRANZ","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.R. 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