{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T15:39:25Z","timestamp":1767973165773,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,27]],"date-time":"2012-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Interven Cardiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Transcatheter closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) has replaced surgery in most institutions. Despite improvements in techniques and the devices available, closure of large PDA in very small infants remains a challenge.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the challenges, feasibility, and efficacy of device closure of large PDA, in infants weighing \u22646 kg.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Analysis of device closure of a PDA was done in 61 infants \u22646 kg. Their ages, ranged from 9 days\u201312 months (mean 8.9 months), weight ranged from 2.2 to 6 kg (mean 5.3 kg), and PDA measured 3.2\u20138.7 mm (mean 4.8 mm). The fluoroscopy time was 3\u201318 minutes. The largest device used was 12 \u00d7 10 mm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Successful device placement was achieved in 60\/61 infants (98.4%). Mild aortic obstruction occurred in 2 cases (3.3%), as the device got displaced towards the aorta after release. The device embolized in 2 cases (3.3%). In one it was retrieved by a novel method like fastening the screw in the aorta and was closed with a 4 \u00d7 6 ADO II. In the other infant, with a single kidney, died of uremia after device retrieval. Mild left pulmonary artery (LPA) obstruction occurred in one case (1.6%). Four cases (6.6%) had minor vascular complications. The postprocedure weight gain after 3 months was between 2.5 kg \u00b1 250 mg.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Device closure of large PDA in infants weighing \u22646 kg with left ventricular failure is challenging but possible, safe and effective. Retrieval of embolized device could be tricky. 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