{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T03:09:01Z","timestamp":1776827341071,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]],"date-time":"2012-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1337040000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":14,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Midwife Womens Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This article reviews the different disease entities that fall under the classification of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). The conditions included range from molar pregnancy to the malignant forms of gestational trophoblastic neoplasm (GTN). These disorders all arise from abnormal placental trophoblastic development. The different types of GTD, symptomatology, and diagnostic modalities are examined. The various methods of treatment are reviewed. Although the management of GTD and GTN falls outside the scope of midwifery practice, midwives need to be aware of the incidence, risk factors, and symptoms for specific types of GTD in order to be able to diagnose and refer for treatment in a timely manner. Psychosocial aspects that affect the woman who has not only had a pregnancy loss but also may be faced with a life\u2010threatening illness are examined. The role of the midwife in the management, counseling, and follow\u2010up of GTD and GTN is discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2012.00177.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]],"date-time":"2012-05-15T17:33:37Z","timestamp":1337103217000},"page":"255-259","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: An Overview"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Ruth","family":"Monchek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Wiedaseck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.a1193"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp0900696"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000224697.31138.a1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","first-page":"1365","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of gestational trophoblastic disease","volume":"53","author":"ACOG","year":"2004","journal-title":"ACOG Pract Bull."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ogrm.2008.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2008.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ruq.0000191658.95192.89"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31802f17fc"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NAJ.0000365176.62954.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","first-page":"812","article-title":"Management of gestational trophoblastic disease and other cases with low serum levels of human chorionic gonadotropin","volume":"51","author":"Khanlian S","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Reprod Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","volume-title":"Williams Obstetrics","author":"Cunningham FG","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","first-page":"835","article-title":"Management of post molar gestational trophoblastic disease with methotrexate and folinic acid","volume":"51","author":"Sekraran PK","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Reprod Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2007.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1552-6909.2008.00241.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","first-page":"481","article-title":"Midwifery management of first trimester bleeding and early pregnancy loss","volume":"45","author":"Thorstensen KA","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nurse Midwifery."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygyno.2005.01.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1521-6934(03)00093-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","first-page":"387","article-title":"Quality of life after gestational trophoblastic disease","volume":"47","author":"Wenzel L","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Reprod Med."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NNR.0000263970.08878.87"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00005721-200105000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.U.S. Medical Eligibility Criteria for Contraceptive Use 2010.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/mmwr\/preview\/mmwrhtml\/rr5904a1.htm."}],"container-title":["Journal of Midwifery &amp; Women's Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1542-2011.2012.00177.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2012.00177.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T19:55:22Z","timestamp":1694634922000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2012.00177.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2012.00177.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1542-2011.2012.00177.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-9523","1542-2011"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-9523","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-2011","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2012-05-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}