{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T16:59:09Z","timestamp":1790614749748,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323734400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Eukaryotic Microbiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>rypanosoma<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>egatrypanum<\/jats:italic>) <jats:italic>melophagium<\/jats:italic> is a parasite of sheep transmitted by sheep keds, the sheep\u2010restricted ectoparasite <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>elophagus ovinus<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>iptera: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>ippoboscidae). Sheep keds were 100% prevalent in sheep from five organic farms in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>roatia, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>outheastern <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>urope, whereas trypanosomes morphologically compatible with <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>. melophagium<\/jats:italic> were 86% prevalent in the guts of the sheep keds. Multilocus phylogenetic analyses using sequences of small subunit <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rRNA<\/jats:styled-content>, glycosomal glyceraldehyde\u20103\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase, spliced leader, and internal transcribed spacer 1 of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">rDNA<\/jats:styled-content> distinguished <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>. melophagium<\/jats:italic> from all allied trypanosomes from other ruminant species and placed the trypanosome in the subgenus <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>egatrypanum<\/jats:italic>. Trypanosomes from sheep keds from <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>roatia and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>cotland, the only available isolates for comparison, shared identical sequences. All biologic and phylogenetic inferences support the restriction of <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>. melophagium<\/jats:italic> to sheep and, especially, to the sheep keds. The comparison of trypanosomes from sheep, cattle, and deer from the same country, which was never achieved before this work, strongly supported the host\u2010restricted specificity of trypanosomes of the subgenus <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>egatrypanum<\/jats:italic>. Our findings indicate that with the expansion of organic farms, both sheep keds and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T<\/jats:styled-content>. melophagium<\/jats:italic> may re\u2010emerge as parasitic infections of sheep.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1550-7408.2011.00599.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,13]],"date-time":"2011-12-13T19:28:46Z","timestamp":1323804526000},"page":"134-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["<i><scp>T<\/scp>rypanosoma<\/i> (<i><scp>M<\/scp>egatrypanum<\/i>) <i>melophagium<\/i> in the Sheep Ked <i>Melophagus ovinus<\/i> from Organic Farms in Croatia: Phylogenetic Inferences Support Restriction to Sheep and Sheep Keds and Close Relationship with Trypanosomes from Other Ruminant Species"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"Franjo","family":"Martinkovi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases with Clinics Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb Heinzelova 55 10000 Zagreb Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kre\u0161imir","family":"Matanovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Microbiology and Infectious Diseases with Clinic Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Zagreb Heinzelova 55 10000 Zagreb Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana C.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Avenue Professor Lineu Prestes 1374 05508\u2010900 S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Herakles A.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Avenue Professor Lineu Prestes 1374 05508\u2010900 S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Patologia Veterinaria Faculdad de Ciencias Veterinarias Universidad Central de Venezuela Maracay Venezuela"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta M. 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