{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T13:20:04Z","timestamp":1777641604294,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,31]],"date-time":"2012-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343692800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Academic Emergency Medicine"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2012; 19:924\u2013933 \u00a9 2012 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The objective was to assess the relationship between alcohol use and misuse and patient sex among emergency department (ED) patients by comparing self\u2010reported estimates of quantity and frequency of alcohol use, estimated blood alcohol concentrations (eBACs) when typically drinking and during heavy episodic drinking (binging), and alcohol misuse severity, to understand sex differences in alcohol use and misuse for this population.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The authors surveyed a random sample of nonintoxicated, subcritically ill or injured, 18\u2010 to 64\u2010year\u2010old English\u2010 or Spanish\u2010speaking patients on randomly selected dates and times at two EDs during July 2009 and August 2009. Participants self\u2010administered a questionnaire about their self\u2010reported alcohol use during a typical month within the past 12\u2003months and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Using the formulae by Matthews and Miller, sex\u2010specific eBACs were calculated for participants according to their reported weight and the number of reported alcoholic drinks consumed on days when typically drinking and on days of heavy episodic (binge) drinking (five or more drinks\/occasion for men, four or more drinks for women). Sex\u2010specific alcohol misuse severity levels (low\u2010risk, harmful, hazardous, and dependence) were calculated using AUDIT scores. Wilcoxon rank\u2010sum and Pearson\u2019s chi\u2010square tests were used to compare outcomes by sex. Negative binomial regression was used to assess the relationship between sex and the number of drinks consumed on a typical day, the number of days spent drinking and binging, and estimated AUDIT scores. Logistic regression was used to assess the outcome of the presence of binging according to sex. Multinomial logistic regression was used to compare by sex the percentage of days spent drinking and binging in 1\u2003month, eBACs when typically drinking and when binging, and AUDIT at\u2010risk drinking levels. Incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated. All models were adjusted for patient demographic characteristics.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Of the 513 participants, 52.1% were women, 55.8% were white non\u2010Hispanic, and their median age was 34\u2003years (interquartile range [IQR]\u2003=\u200325 to 46\u2003years). Men reported greater mean alcohol consumption than women when typically drinking (4.3 vs. 3.3 drinks\/day; p\u2003&lt;\u20030.001) and during heavy episodic drinking (8.6 vs. 5.3 drinks\/occasion; p\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Men spent more days drinking (IRR\u2003=\u20031.41, 95% CI\u2003=\u20031.19 to 1.65) and engaging in heavy episodic drinking (IRR\u2003=\u20031.68, 95% CI\u2003=\u20031.31 to 2.17) than women. Additionally, men were more likely to engage in heavy episodic drinking (AOR\u2003=\u20031.72, 95% CI\u2003=\u20031.16 to 2.56) than women. However, the mean eBACs for men and women were similar when typically drinking (0.05 vs. 0.06; p\u2003&lt;\u20030.13) and during heavy episodic drinking (0.13 vs. 0.12; p\u2003&lt;\u20030.13). Mean AUDIT scores were greater for men than women (7.5 vs. 5.3; p\u2003&lt;\u20030.001), although alcohol misuse severity levels were similar between men and women (24.4% vs. 26.6% for hazardous, 2.8% vs. 2.2% for harmful, and 6.5% vs. 3.4% for dependence; p\u2003&lt;\u20030.38).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Although men drink more than women, women have similar eBACs with comparable levels of alcohol misuse. Women may benefit from recognizing that they are reaching similar levels of intoxication compared to men. Addressing these differences and possible health implications in future ED brief interventions may induce changes in problematic alcohol use among women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1553-2712.2012.01408.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,31]],"date-time":"2012-07-31T23:26:16Z","timestamp":1343777176000},"page":"924-933","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Sex Differences in Alcohol Misuse and Estimated Blood Alcohol Concentrations Among Emergency Department Patients: Implications for Brief Interventions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Alexis D.","family":"Trillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roland C.","family":"Merchant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janette R.","family":"Baird","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ted D.","family":"Nirenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","unstructured":"National Advisory Council on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. 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