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The research, structured as a case\u2013control study, was based on the analysis of environmental (social variables) and genetic factors (single nucleotide polymorphisms of glutamic acid decarboxylase) in a population (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0173) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>talian alcohol\u2010dependent men. Group 1 (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a047, convicted subjects) was compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>roup 2 (<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0126, no previous criminal conduct). Grade repetition, work problems, and drug problems were statistically associated with criminal behavior. Having daily family meals together and having children were inversely related to convictions. The genotype distribution of the two groups was similar. The association between environmental factors and antisocial behavior confirms previous findings in the literature. The lack of genetic association does not exclude the role of the gamma\u2010aminobutyric acid (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content>) system in determining antisocial behavior; further studies with larger samples are needed, together with investigation of other components of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GABA<\/jats:styled-content> pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1556-4029.2012.02243.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,9]],"date-time":"2012-08-09T17:50:50Z","timestamp":1344534650000},"page":"1343-1348","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Alcohol Dependence and Criminal Behavior: Preliminary Results of an Association Study of Environmental and Genetic Factors in an <scp>I<\/scp>talian Male Population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Claudio","family":"Terranova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Legal Medicine Department of Environmental Medicine 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