{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,13]],"date-time":"2026-11-13T17:37:08Z","timestamp":1794591428384,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,5,30]],"date-time":"2011-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1306713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cellular Molecular Medi"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"explicit-label\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Introduction<\/jats:bold>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Oxygen partial pressure measurement<\/jats:bold>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>What does tumour hypoxia mean?<\/jats:bold>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Small molecules and hypoxia<\/jats:bold>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>What does physioxia mean?<\/jats:bold>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>\n                            Cellular and molecular consequences of physioxia\n                            <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic>\n                            normoxia and hypoxia\n                          <\/jats:bold>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          <jats:bold>Conclusion<\/jats:bold>\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Oxygen supply and diffusion into tissues are necessary for survival. The oxygen partial pressure (pO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), which is a key component of the physiological state of an organ, results from the balance between oxygen delivery and its consumption. In mammals, oxygen is transported by red blood cells circulating in a well\u2010organized vasculature. Oxygen delivery is dependent on the metabolic requirements and functional status of each organ. Consequently, in a physiological condition, organ and tissue are characterized by their own unique \u2018tissue normoxia\u2019 or \u2018physioxia\u2019 status. Tissue oxygenation is severely disturbed during pathological conditions such as cancer, diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, etc., which are associated with decrease in pO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>i.e<\/jats:italic>\n                    . \u2018hypoxia\u2019. In this review, we present an array of methods currently used for assessing tissue oxygenation. We show that hypoxia is marked during tumour development and has strong consequences for oxygenation and its influence upon chemotherapy efficiency. Then we compare this to physiological pO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    values of human organs. Finally we evaluate consequences of physioxia on cell activity and its molecular modulations. More importantly we emphasize the discrepancy between\n                    <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    tissue and cells oxygen status which can have detrimental effects on experimental outcome. It appears that the values corresponding to the physioxia are ranging between 11% and 1% O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    whereas current\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    experimentations are usually performed in 19.95% O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    , an artificial context as far as oxygen balance is concerned. It is important to realize that most of the experiments performed in so\u2010called normoxia might be dangerously misleading.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2011.01258.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,20]],"date-time":"2011-01-20T12:15:24Z","timestamp":1295525724000},"page":"1239-1253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1173,"title":["Why is the partial oxygen pressure of human tissues a crucial parameter? 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