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In this study, we successfully devised a prenatal surgical approach and transplanted mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to foetal rat spinal column to treat retinoic acid induced NTDs in rat. Transplanted MSCs survived, grew and expressed markers of neurons, glia and myoblasts in the defective spinal cord. MSCs expressed and perhaps induced the surrounding spinal tissue to express neurotrophic factors. In addition, MSC reduced spinal tissue apoptosis in NTD. Our results suggested that prenatal MSC transplantation could treat spinal neuron deficiency in NTDs by the regeneration of neurons and reduced spinal neuron death in the defective spinal cord.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2011.01470.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,18]],"date-time":"2011-10-18T07:27:37Z","timestamp":1318922857000},"page":"1606-1617","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Therapeutic potential of <i>in utero<\/i> mesenchymal stem cell (MSCs) transplantation in rat foetuses with spina bifida aperta"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Hui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junhong","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianing","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyu","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lili","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Di","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weilin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent Chi Hang","family":"Lui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengwei","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2008.10.PEDS08199"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/15648265080292S123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000089301"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000123614"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2008.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/00006250-200307000-00051","article-title":"Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician\u2010gynecologists. 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